Pilot Immunotherapy Study With Letetresgene Autoleucel (Lete-cel, GSK3377794)T-cells in New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1)/ LAGE-1a-positive Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Either Alone or in Combination With Pembrolizumab

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: Neoplasms

Interventions: Drug: Lete-cel
Drug: Pembrolizumab

Registration Number: NCT03709706

Lead Sponsor: GlaxoSmithKline

Brief Summary: This trial will evaluate safety and tolerability of letetresgene autoleucel (GSK3377794) with or without pembrolizumab in participants with non-small cell lung cancer.

Detailed Description: New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1) and LAGE-1a antigens are tumor-associated proteins that have been found in several tumor types. Clinical trials using adoptively transferred T- cells directed against NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1a have shown objective responses. Letetresgene autoleucel (GSK3377794) is the first generation of NY-ESO-1 specific T-cell receptor (TCR) engineered T-cells. This is a multi-arm, open-label study of letetresgene autoleucel (lete-cel, GSK3377794) in Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-A\*02:01, HLA-A\*02:05 and/or HLA-A\*02:06 positive adults whose tumors express NY-ESO-1 and/or LAGE-1a. This study will enroll participants who have unresectable Stage IIIb or Stage IV NSCLC.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: TERMINATED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 34

Inclusion Criteria

Age >=18 years on the day of signing informed consent.
Histologically or cytologically diagnosed unresectable Stage IIIb or Stage IV NSCLC.
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 or 1.
Participant is positive for any of the following alleles: human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01, HLA-A*02:05, and a) or HLA-A*02:06 by a validated test.
Participant's tumor meets the pre-defined threshold for expression of NY-ESO-1 and/or LAGE-1a.
Adequate organ function and blood cell counts, as defined in the protocol.
Predicted life expectancy that is >=24 weeks from leukapheresis.
Left ventricular ejection fraction >=45%.
Prior therapies prior to lymphodepletion: a) All participants with NSCLC lacking actionable genetic aberrations, per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines (Arms A and B), need to have received at least one line of programmed death protein 1/programmed death protein 1 ligand (PD-1/PD-L1) checkpoint blockade therapy. For participants in the metastatic setting, PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade therapy must have been received either alone, in combination or sequentially with platinum-containing chemotherapy. OR b) All participants with NSCLC with actionable genetic aberrations, per NCCN guidelines (Arm C only), should have received appropriate targeted therapy following NCCN or equivalent country-level guidelines.
Disease progression at time of treatment, as defined in the protocol.
Measurable disease at time of treatment per response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 as assessed by local site investigator/radiology.

Exclusion Criteria

Prior treatment: Previous treatment with genetically engineered NY-ESO-1-specific T-cells. Previous NY-ESO-1 vaccine or NY-ESO-1 targeting antibody. Prior gene therapy using an integrating vector.
Prior allogeneic/autologous bone marrow or solid organ transplantation.
History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or other agents used in the study.
Severe hypersensitivity (>= Grade 3) to pembrolizumab and/or any of its excipients.
Active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in past 2 years.
History of chronic or recurrent (within the last year prior to enrollment) severe autoimmune or active immune-mediated disease requiring steroids or other immunosuppressive treatments.
Uncontrolled intercurrent illness.
Participant has active infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Epstein Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), syphilis, or human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV), as defined in protocol.
Known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders.
Symptomatic or untreated central nervous system (CNS) metastases.
Radiotherapy that involves the lung (Percentage of normal lung receiving at least 20 Gray [Gy] during radiotherapy [V20] exceeding 30% lung volume or mean heart dose >20 Gy) within 3 months or radiotherapy (including but not limited to palliative radiotherapy) to lung/mediastinum with V20 less than 30% lung volume and with mean heart dose <=20 Gy within 4 weeks (+/- 3 days).
Radiotherapy of >=50 Gy to a significant volume of the pelvis, long bones or spine, or a cumulative dose of radiation that, in the investigator's opinion would predispose participants to prolonged cytopenia after lymphodepletion.
All of the participant's measurable lesions have been irradiated within 3 months before lymphodepletion.
Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Arm A: lete-cel monotherapy	Lete-cel	In Arm A, participants with NSCLC (lacking actionable genetic aberrations) will receive lete-cel monotherapy. Participants who subsequently progress by Week 25 will be offered pembrolizumab.
Arm B: lete-cel plus pembrolizumab	Lete-cel	In Arm B, participants with NSCLC (lacking actionable genetic aberrations) will receive lete-cel followed by pembrolizumab.
Arm B: lete-cel plus pembrolizumab	Pembrolizumab	In Arm B, participants with NSCLC (lacking actionable genetic aberrations) will receive lete-cel followed by pembrolizumab.
Arm C: lete-cel plus pembrolizumab	Lete-cel	In Arm C, participants with NSCLC (with actionable genetic aberrations) will receive lete-cel followed by pembrolizumab.
Arm C: lete-cel plus pembrolizumab	Pembrolizumab	In Arm C, participants with NSCLC (with actionable genetic aberrations) will receive lete-cel followed by pembrolizumab.
Arm A: lete-cel monotherapy	Pembrolizumab	In Arm A, participants with NSCLC (lacking actionable genetic aberrations) will receive lete-cel monotherapy. Participants who subsequently progress by Week 25 will be offered pembrolizumab.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)	Up to approximately 10 months	An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. SAE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose results in death, is life-threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, other situations which involve medical or scientific judgment or is associated with liver injury and impaired liver function. AEs which start or worsen on or after T-cell infusion are defined as treatment-emergent.
Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI)	Up to approximately 10 months	AESI included cytokine release syndrome (CRS), pneumonitis/pneumonia, graft vs host disease (GvHD), guillain barre syndrome (GBS) or acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), pancytopenia/aplastic anemia (including analysis of all hematopoietic cytopenias), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) and treatment-related inflammatory response at tumor site. AEs which start or worsen on or after T-cell infusion are defined as treatment-emergent.
Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events Based on Maximum Severity Grades	Up to approximately 10 months	An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. SAE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose results in death, is life-threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, other situations which involve medical or scientific judgment or is associated with liver injury and impaired liver function. AEs which start or worsen on or after T-cell infusion are defined as TE. Severity was reported during study and was assigned a grade according to the National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE). SAEs are subset of AEs. AEs and SAEs severity graded on a 5-point scale as: 1 = mild, 2 = moderate discomfort, 3 = severe, 4 = life-threatening and 5 = death due to AE.
Number of Participants With AEs Leading to Dose Delays	Up to approximately 10 months	An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. Number of participants with AEs leading to dose delays were summarized.
Overall Response Rate (ORR) Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 by Investigator Assessment	Up to approximately 10 months	Overall response rate (ORR) defined as the percentage of participants with a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) via investigator assessment per RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Criteria) v1.1 relative to the total number of participants in the analysis population. Partial response is defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters. Complete response is defined as the disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to less than (\<)10 millimeters (mm). Confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the exact (Clopper-Pearson) method.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Time to Cmax (Tmax) of Lete-cel	Day 1 to Day 15	Tmax was defined as time to reach peak cell expansion during the study. Blood samples were collected for analysis of Tmax of lete-cel.
Progression-free Survival (PFS) Per RECIST Version 1.1 by Investigator Assessment	Up to approximately 10 months	Progression free survival was defined as the interval between the date of T cell infusion and the earliest date of disease progression or death due to any cause. Progressive disease (PD) is defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of the diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum on study. PFS based on responses assessed by investigator per RECIST v1.1 is presented. Kaplan-Meier Median and 95% confidence intervals are presented. Confidence intervals were calculated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Disease Control Rate (DCR) Per RECIST Version 1.1 by Investigator Assessment	Up to approximately 10 months	DCR was defined as the percentage of participants with a confirmed complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD) for at least 6 months as per RECIST v1.1. Partial response is defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters. Complete response is defined as the disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to less than (\<)10 millimeters (mm). SD is defined as neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for progressive disease. Confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the exact (Clopper-Pearson) method.
Duration of Response (DOR) Per RECIST Version 1.1 by Investigator Assessment	Up to approximately 10 months	Duration of response was defined as the interval between the initial date of confirmed response (PR/CR) and the date of progressive disease or death among participants with a confirmed response per RECIST 1.1. Partial response is defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters. Complete response is defined as the disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to less than (\<)10 millimeters.
Time to Response (TTR) Per RECIST Version 1.1 by Investigator Assessment	Up to approximately 10 months	Time to response was defined as the interval of time between the date of T-cell infusion and the first documented evidence of the confirmed response (PR or CR), in the subset of participants with a confirmed PR or CR as their best confirmed overall response. Partial response is defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters. Complete response is defined as the disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to less than (\<)10 mm.
Maximum Transgene Expansion (Cmax) of Lete-cel	Day 1 to Day 15	Cmax was defined as peak cell expansion during the study. Blood samples were collected for analysis of Cmax of lete-cel.
Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve to Day 28 (AUC0-28d) of Lete-cel	Up to 28 days	Area under the cell expansion-time curve from first T-cell infusion to Day 28. Blood samples were collected to measure AUC (0-28 days).