The Effect of Portable AR on Tooth Brushing Skill for Elementary School Students

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Healthy
• Interventions: Behavioral: Teach proper brushing skills; Device: AR-toothbrush machine

• Registration Number: NCT05956262
• Lead Sponsor: Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital

Brief Summary

The aim of this study An augmented reality (AR) simulation toothbrushing machine was developed to train proper brushing technique for children. The investigators aimed to evaluate the effects of AR brushing machine on knowledge of dental clearing skill, self-efficacy and dental plaque control in elementary schoolchildren in Taiwan.

Detailed Description

A quasi-experimental design was conducted; ten intervention schools (AR group) and ten comparison schools were selected from elementary schools. Overall, grade 3-6 students in the AR group (n = 290) and the traditional group (n = 311), respectively. Students in the AR group received a two-time repeated AR-based training for 30 minutes at two-week intervals. Students in the CG received traditional classroom-based teaching. Baseline and follow-ups information was collected using dental plaque examinations and questionnaires. The generalized estimating equations(GEE) were used to evaluate the outcomes between two groups over time.

Study Timeline

• Status Verified: 2021-11
• Study Start: 2021-11-25
• Primary Completion: 2022-05-20
• Study Completion: 2022-05-20
• Study First Submitted: 2023-07-11
• Study First Submitted QC: 2023-07-19
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-07-19
• Study First Posted: 2023-07-21
• Last Update Posted: 2023-07-21

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 601

Inclusion Criteria

• Primary school students 3 to 6 grades

Exclusion Criteria

• Schoolchildren with disability certification.
• Schoolchildren with congenital severe oral diseases (eg. cleft lip and palate )
• Disability to operate the AR system

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
traditional group	Teach proper brushing skills	Students in the traditional group received a two-time repeated 10-minute lesson regarding proper toothbrushing skills in the classroom at two-week intervals.
AR group	AR-toothbrush machine	Student in AR group received a two-time repeated AR-based training for 30 minutes at two-week intervals.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Self-efficacy	Change from Baseline at 4-week after intervention	2 questions , e.g: I feel confident.Response 1 = strongly disagree 2 = Disagree 3 = Normal 4 = agree 5 = strongly agree
Plaque Control Record (PCR)	Change from Baseline at 4-week after intervention	Each tooth is divided into six surfaces, and the PCR record is calculated ( range 0-100% )
Skill of Toothbrushing	Change from Baseline at 4-week after intervention	5 questions , e.g: The toothbrush is pressed against the gums at a 45-degree angle.Response multiple choice

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital; 🇨🇳 Kaohsiung, Taiwan