The Effects of Post Aerobic Exercise Hot Water Immersion on Physiological and Perceptual Responses in Physically Inactive Middle-aged Adults
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 16
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Change in brachial artery antegrade shear rate (S-1)
研究概览
简要总结
This study will investigate the effects of post moderate intensity aerobic exercise hot water immersion on physiological and perceptual responses in physically inactive middle-aged adults when compared to moderate intensity aerobic exercise and hot water immersion alone.
详细描述
A large number of middle aged adults do not achieve the minimum recommended amount of physical activity. This consequently increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Although below the recommended physical activity guidelines, it is important to highlight that a considerable proportion of these individuals do take part in some form of physical activity within their weekly routines. Hence, identifying complementary therapies that can enhance the health benefits from smaller amounts of exercise are of great value for many physically inactive middle-aged adults.
An in increase in body temperature from a single session of passive heating has been shown to mimic many of the beneficial physiological responses of exercise, such as, an increase in heart rate, skin blood flow and an increase in circulating angiogenic factors. However, lab based studies often push participants to the limit of thermal tolerance which may reduce long term adherence in the real world. Therefore, this study will investigate whether the use of post exercise hot water immersion can prolong and / or intensify exercise mediated physiological responses that underpin health benefits, whilst also assessing the perceptual responses, in comparison to exercise and hot water immersion alone.
Through the use of a repeated measures design, participants will randomly take part in three conditions; 1) post exercise hot water immersion (30 minutes of moderate intensity cycling followed by 10 minutes of supine rest and 30 minutes of whole body hot water immersion at 40°C); 2) aerobic exercise (30 minutes of moderate intensity cycling followed by 10 minutes of supine rest and 30 minutes of seated rest at room temperature); 3) hot water immersion condition (30 minutes of whole body hot water immersion at 40°C followed by 10 minutes of supine rest and 30 minutes of whole body hot water immersion at 40°C). Each condition will be separated by a minimum of 1-week. Outcome measures will either be assessed at regular intervals or at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minute time points for each condition.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 40 Years 至 60 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Males and post menopausal females
- •Aged between 40 - 60 years
- •BMI of 18.5 - 34.9 kg/m2
- •Over the last 6 months has participated in less than 150 mins of moderate intensity physical activity or 75 mins of vigorous activity or a combination of both, but takes part in some form of physical activity within their weekly routine.
- •Maximal oxygen uptake categorised as 'fair' for a given age group.
排除标准
- •Previous myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular event
- •Any signs or symptoms of cardiovascular issues
- •High blood pressure: SBP >180 mmHg and / or DBP >100 mmHg
- •Orthostatic hypotension: Drop of SBP > 20mmHg and / or DBP >10 mmHg upon standing.
- •Changed blood pressure medication in the 6-month period prior to the study
- •Plan to change any form of relevant medication during study period
- •Suffers from diabetes
- •Suffers from severe asthma
- •Currently have any infections or symptoms of an infection (e.g. COVID-19 etc)
- •Suffers from a neurodegenerative disease
- •Cannot understand and/or fully cooperate with the study protocol
- •Exercise-limiting comorbidity (e.g. angina, chronic lung disease, arthritis etc)
- •Severe peripheral neuropathy (cannot sense temperature)
- •Current smoker or have stopped in the last 3 months
- •Any skin conditions including ulcerations
- •Exposed to high temperatures in the last 4-weeks (e.g. holiday, spa, sun beds etc)
- •Use of antioxidant supplements in the last 6-weeks
结局指标
主要结局
Change in brachial artery antegrade shear rate (S-1)
时间窗: Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes
Terason ultrasound recording of the brachial and superficial femoral artery.
Change in brachial artery total shear rate (S-1)
时间窗: Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes
Terason ultrasound recording of the brachial and superficial femoral artery
Change in brachial artery diameter (mm)
时间窗: Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes
Terason ultrasound recording of the brachial and superficial femoral artery
Change in systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
时间窗: Measurements taken at 10 minute intervals up to 100 minutes
Measured using an automated blood pressure cuff
Change in pulse pressure (mmHg)
时间窗: Measurements taken at 10 minute intervals up to 100 minutes
Measured using an automated blood pressure cuff. Pulse pressure will be calculated using systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Change in circulating plasma nitrite (pg/ml)
时间窗: Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes
Venous blood sample
Change in brachial artery blood flow (ml/min)
时间窗: Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes
Terason ultrasound recording of the brachial and superficial femoral artery.
Change in brachial artery compliance (μm/mmHg)
时间窗: Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes
Terason ultrasound recording of the brachial artery. Brachial artery compliance will be calculated by using the change in blood volume and blood pressure
Change in brachial artery retrograde shear rate (S-1)
时间窗: Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes
Terason ultrasound recording of the brachial and superficial femoral artery
Change in diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
时间窗: Measurements taken at 10 minute intervals up to 100 minutes
Measured using an automated blood pressure cuff
Change in mean arterial pressure (mmHg)
时间窗: Measurements taken at 10 minute intervals up to 100 minutes
Measured using an automated blood pressure cuff. Mean arterial pressure will be calculated by using systolic and diastolic blood pressure
次要结局
- Change in circulating serum Interleukin-1Ra (pg/ml)(Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes)
- Circulating serum Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (pg/ml)(Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes)
- Change in basic affect(Measured at 10 minute intervals up to 100 minutes)
- Change in physical activity enjoyment scale(Measured ~12 minutes post intervention)
- Change in circulating serum Matrix metallopeptidase-9 (pg/ml)(Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes)
- Change in circulating serum Interleukin-6 (pg/ml)(Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes)
- Change in circulating serum Interleukin-10 (pg/ml)(Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes)
- Change in circulating serum Vascular endothelial growth factor (pg/ml)(Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes)
- Energy expenditure (kcal/h-1)(Gas measurements taken continually up to 70 minutes. Energy expenditure calculated from the 30 minutes of exercise, hot water immersion and/or rest periods.)
- Change in thermal comfort(Measured at 10 minute intervals up to 100 minutes)
- Change in circulating serum Endothelin-1 (pg/ml)(Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes)
- Change in thermal sensation(Measured at 10 minute intervals up to 100 minutes)
- Change in circulating serum Interleukin-8 (pg/ml)(Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes)
- Change in circulating serum Matrix metallopeptidase-2 (pg/ml)(Measured at 0, 30, 70 and 100 minutes)
研究者
Charles Steward
Post Graduate Research Student in the Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences
Coventry University