Incidence, risk factors and outcome of acute kidney injury in adult patients undergoing Emergency Laparotomy: A Prospective Observational Study.

The aims of the study are to identify the incidence, risk factors and long-term adverse renal outcome of patients undergoing emergency laparotomy.

Primary Objective:

To identify the incidence of AKI on postoperative day 3 in adult patients undergoing emergency laparotomy**.**

Secondary objectives

To assess if preoperative arterial blood lactate level and lactate clearance can be used to predict

1.     To identify the incidence of AKI on postoperative day 7 in adult patients undergoing emergency laparotomy.

2.     To identify risk factors of AKI following emergency laparotomy.

3.     To identify in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stay and requirement of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in these patients

4.     To identify long-term adverse renal outcome at 3 months in those developing postoperative AKI

Study design: Prospective observational study

Study Setting: Single centre study in Emergency operation theatre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi

Study population:

Adult patients of either sex aged between 18 and 65 years undergoing emergency laparotomy.

Exclusion criteria

1)    Previous history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on renal replacement therapy.

2)    History of AKI within 1 week before surgery and being treated with renal replacement therapy.

3)    Refusal to consent.

Sample size:

Anticipated frequency of post-operative AKI following emergency laparotomy is around 7- 20%. With a conservative estimate of 10% incidence and 5% confidence limit, n=139 patients will be required.