Using the Norm Range to Predict the Effect of Food Portion Size Reductions on Compensation Over 5 Days

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Portion Size

• Registration Number: NCT03811210
• Lead Sponsor: University of Liverpool

Brief Summary

Reducing food portion size is a potential strategy to reduce energy intake. However it is unclear at what point consumers compensate for reductions in portion size by increasing energy intake from other items. This could result in no overall benefit of reducing food portion sizes. The investigators tested the hypothesis that reductions to the portion size of components of a main meal will only result in significant compensatory eating when the reduced portion size is no longer visually perceived as 'normal'. In a crossover experiment, participants were served different sized portions during lunch and dinner over 5 days: a 'large-normal', a 'small-normal', and a 'smaller than normal' portion. Intake from all other meal components consumed in the laboratory were measured.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2018-02-06
• Primary Completion: 2018-12-07
• Study Completion: 2018-12-10
• Status Verified: 2019-01
• Study First Submitted: 2019-01-17
• Study First Submitted QC: 2019-01-17
• Study First Posted: 2019-01-22
• Last Update Submitted: 2019-01-22
• Last Update Posted: 2019-01-24

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 39

Inclusion Criteria

• willing to consume the test foods
• BMI between 22.5 - 32.5

Exclusion Criteria

• food allergies, intolerances or specific dietary requirements (including being vegetarian or vegan)
• history of eating disorders
• taking medication which affected appetite
• participated in a portion size studies in the past 12 months, or in dieting or weight loss trials in the past 4 weeks

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Acute compensatory energy intake	Immediate (within single meal occasion)	Energy intake from main meal components that are not varied by portion size
Total meal energy intake	Immediate (within single meal occasion)	Energy intake from all main meal components (including those that are and are not varied by portion size)
Total daily energy intake	Over 5 x full days	Energy intake from all foods consumed, including those provided in the laboratory and those self-reported

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Appetite	Over 5 x full days (measured before and after each meal occasion)	Hunger and fullness sensations before and after laboratory-based meals (self-reported on visual analog scales anchored at 0 'not at all' to 100 'extremely')
Discretionary Leisure-time physical activity	Over 5 x full days	Discretionary Leisure-time physical activity (recorded with self-report measure International Physical Activity Questionnaire)
Moderate-vigorous physical activity	Over 5 x full days	Moderate-vigorous physical activity (recorded using accelerometer device)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Ashleigh Haynes; 🇬🇧 Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom