Assessing the Effects of Pulsed Ultrasound Treatment on Pain, Functionality, Synovial Fluid and Cartilage Thickness, in Knee Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a progressive rheumatic disease which is the most common cause of musculoskeletal pain and functional impairment, particularly in the elderly group. The most common form is knee osteoarthritis. Pharmacological, non-pharmacological and if required surgical treatment may be applied in the osteoarthritis treatment. Non-pharmacological treatment includes patient education, joint protective measures, exercise, psychological support, diet, weight loss, physical therapy modalities, use of assistive device, hydrotherapy and balneotherapy. Ultrasound therapy is one of the most commonly used physical modalities in osteoarthritis treatment. İt has a deep heating effect and increases tissue regeneration, blood flow and metabolic effects while reducing the inflammation and relaxing the muscles. İn addition, it increases the cartilage regeneration according to certain in vivo and in vitro studies.

Decelerating the cartilage loss and decreasing the high volume of synovial fluid in early-stage knee osteoarthritis is important to preventing progression of the disease. Although there are some randomised controlled clinical trials that prove the effect of ultrasound treatment on pain and functionality in the knee osteoarthritis, there is no study that proves the effect of ultrasound treatment on cartilage thickness and synovial fluid amount. The aim of this study is evaluating the effect of pulsed ultrasound treatment on cartilage regeneration, inflammation and quality of life in the volunteers diagnosed knee osteoarthritis. This study is unique because it is the first study that evaluates the effect of therapeutic pulsed ultrasound on synovial fluid and cartilage thickness with ultrasonography.