Additional Effects of Pilates Breathing and Diaphragmatic Breathing Combined With Moderate Intensity Continuous Treadmill Training on Blood Pressure, Chest Expansion, Pulmonary Function and Quality Of Life in Pre-hypertensive Patients
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 入组人数
- 45
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Blood Pressure (SBP and DBP)
研究概览
简要总结
Pre-hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure between 120-139mmHg or diastolic blood pressure between 80-89mmHg and is considered a risk factor for developing hypertension. Early lifestyle interventions such as aerobic exercise and breathing techniques may help prevent progression to hypertension. This randomised controlled trial aims to determine the additional effects of pilates breathing and diaphragmatic breathing combined with moderate-intensity continuous treadmill training on blood pressure, chest expansion, pulmonary function and quality of life in pre-hypertensive patients.
A total of 45 participants will be randomly allocated into three groups:
treadmill training with pilates breathing, tredmill training with diaphragmtic brething and treadmill training alone. The intervention will be conducted for 6 weeks. Outcome measures including blood pressure, pulmonary function, chest expansion and quality of life will be assesed before and after the intervention.
详细描述
Pre-hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure between 120-139mmHg or diastolic blood pressure between 80-89mmHg.
This study is a three-arm parallel randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the additional effects of pilates breathing and diaphragmatic breathing combined with moderate-intensity continuous treadmill training (MICT) in individuals with prehypertension.
A total of 45 participants aged 20-55 years diagnosed with prehypertension will be recruited from the Rehabilitation OPD of Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi. Participants will be randomly allocated into three groups:
Group A (Pilates breathing + treadmill training), Group B (Diaphragmatic breathing + treadmill training), and Group C (Treadmill training only). The intervention will be performed three times per week for six weeks. Treadmill training will follow a moderate-intensity continuous training protocol based on 55-70% of maximum heart rate. Breathing exercises will be performed for 10-15 minutes per session. Data will be analyzed using SPSS software.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 20 Years 至 55 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Prehypertensive individuals (SBP 120-139 mmHg or DBP 80-89 mmHg)
- •Age 20-55 years
- •Both male and female
- •Sedentary individuals according to IPAQ
- •Willing to participate and provide informed consent
排除标准
- •Diagnosed hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg)
- •Cardiopulmonary diseases (COPD, asthma, CAD, heart failure)
- •Musculoskeletal conditions preventing exercise
- •Neurological disorders
- •Pregnancy
- •Participation in structured exercise in last 3 months
研究组 & 干预措施
Treadmill training with Pilates breathing
Participants will perform moderate-intensity continuous treadmill training combined with pilates breathing exercises three times per week for six weeks.
干预措施: Pilates Breathing (Other)
Treadmill training with diaphragmatic breathing
Participants will perform moderate-intensity continuous treadmill training combined with diaphragmatic breathing exercises three times per week for six weeks.
干预措施: Diaphragmatic Breathing (Other)
Treadmill training
Participants will perform moderate-intensity continuous treadmill training only, three times per week for six weeks.
干预措施: Treadmill Training (Moderate-intensity continuous training) (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Blood Pressure (SBP and DBP)
时间窗: 06 weeks
Evaluation will be performed using an sphygmomanometer. Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) will be recorded in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) under standardized conditions after adequate rest in a seated position. Blood pressure values will be recorded as continuous variables. Higher values indicate worse cardiovascular status, while lower values indicate improvement in blood pressure control.
Chest Expansion
时间窗: 06 weeks
Evaluation will be performed by measuring chest expansion using a measuring tape at three anatomical levels: axillary, nipple, and xiphoid. Measurements will be taken as the difference (in centimeters, cm) between maximum chest circumference at full inspiration and at full expiration at each level. Higher values indicate greater chest wall mobility and improved respiratory function, whereas lower values indicate restricted chest expansion.
Pulmonary Function Test
时间窗: 06 weeks
Evaluation will be performed using a spirometer machine in accordance with standard guidelines. The parameters assessed will include Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV₁), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and FEV₁/FVC ratio. Values will be recorded in liters (L) and as percentage of predicted values (%) based on age, sex, height, and ethnicity. Higher values of FEV₁ and FVC indicate better pulmonary function, while a higher FEV₁/FVC ratio indicates reduced airway obstruction and improved respiratory status.
次要结局
未报告次要终点