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Single-stage Surgery With Antibiotic-loaded Hydrogel Coated Implants Versus Two Stage Surgery for Secondary Prevention of Complex Chronic Periprosthetic Hip Joint Infection

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Hip Prosthesis Infection
Interventions
Device: Defensive Antiadhesive Coating DAC®, Novagenit SRL
Registration Number
NCT04251377
Lead Sponsor
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne
Brief Summary

Each year, around 1500 infected Total Hip Arthroplasties (THA) need non-conservative surgery, remaining an issue for patients and healthcare units. The recommended treatment, relying on cohort reviews and international consensus follows a two-stage protocol. This protocol implies a first surgery to remove all infected implants and at least 6 weeks of antibiotic treatment without implant, then usually an antibiotic-free period and only then a second surgery to put back new implants and start the rehabilitation protocol, with usually more than a week of a second hospital stay. Between both surgeries, full-weight bearing is prohibited and joint stiffness and/or pain are rather usual complications. Failure rate is estimated at 10% in this two-stage strategy. The single-stage procedure (i.e. implanting back a new prosthesis during the same surgery after implant removal, synovectomy and lavage) is thought to be less susceptible to late functional complications (i.e. pain, stiffness and muscle deficiency) with a shorter, single hospital stay.

Although, with single-stage surgery, infection control could be less efficient because most pathogens produce during the first hours of infection an antibiotic-resistant layer called biofilm, allowing them to colonize and adhere to foreign objects like implants. This single-surgery protocol thus highly relies on antibiotics and has a list of contra-indications (based on experts' consensus): the presence of damaged soft tissues or a sinus tract, unknown pathogens, difficult to treat micro-organisms, severe immunosuppression and for many surgeons, each time a bone graft is necessary. Most of these contra-indications are directly related to the biofilm.

As no randomized control trial has ever compared single-stage versus two-stage surgery, the level of evidence for recommending one procedure over the other is low.

We conducted a survey that showed that most of the French reference centers have already switched to single stage surgery for single-stage non contra-indicated cases.

An antibiotic-loaded hydrogel coating (Defensive Antiadhesive Coating®, Novagenit SRL), has been proven to mechanically prevent the biofilm formation, while allowing a prolonged intraarticular antibiotic release, in a randomized controlled trial in primary prevention of infection in THA.

The addition of this biofilm inhibitor to a single-stage surgery might stand as a promising strategy for secondary prevention of peri-prosthetic hip joint infection. Moreover, using this device to prevent biofilm formation could expand one stage surgery to patients that are "normally" contra-indicated to one stage surgery.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
440
Inclusion Criteria
  • Social security affiliation

  • Signed informed consent

  • Chronic periprosthetic hip joint infection defined according to the Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria :

  • Two positive periprosthetic cultures with phenotypically identical organisms

  • or a sinus tract communicating with the joint,

  • or having 3 of 5 minor criteria:

    • Elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR);
    • Elevated synovial fluid White Blood Cell (WBC) count or change of ++ on leukocyte esterase test strip;
    • Elevated synovial fluid Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil Percentage (PMN%);
    • Positive histological analysis of periprosthetic tissue;
    • A single positive culture.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients with hypersensitivity to hydrogel components (hyaluronic acid and/or poly-lactic acid) known of Defensive Antibacterial Coating (DAC)®
  • Pregnancy or positive pregnancy test (performed in women of childbearing age before inclusion)
  • Life expectancy < 3 months
  • Expected use of a cemented implant by the surgical team (for the treatment surgical protocol)
  • Unable to give informed consent
  • Patients under guardianship or curators
  • Refusal to participate

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Single-stage surgery + DAC® + topical antibioticsDefensive Antiadhesive Coating DAC®, Novagenit SRLExperimental group is composed of single-stage procedure associated to the use of biofilm inhibitor (Defensive Antibacterial Coating® DAC®) and topical antibiotics=new strategy
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Recurrence of clinically diagnosed infection relapse of the periprosthetic jointYears : 2

The periprosthetic joint infection is defined according to the Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria:

* Two positive periprosthetic cultures with phenotypically identical organisms

* or a sinus tract communicating with the joint,

* or having 3 of 5 minor criteria:

* Elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR);

* Elevated synovial fluid white blood cell (WBC) count;

* Elevated synovial fluid polymorphonuclear neutrophil percentage (PMN%);

* Positive histological analysis of periprosthetic tissue;

* A single positive culture.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Hip dysfunction and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) resultsYears : 2

Hip dysfunction and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score contains 6 items (symptoms, stiffness, pain, function and daily life, sport and leisure activities, quality of life) and measure everyday activities with score from 0 to 4.

Revision surgery for any cause other than infectionYears : 2

Analysis of revision surgery for any cause other than infection.

Post-operative complicationsYears : 2

Analysis of post-operative complications by group.

Postel-Merle d'Aubigné (PMA) resultsYears : 2

Postel-Merle d'Aubigné (PMA) contains 3 items (pain, mobility and functional hip) with maximum score at 18 for a perfect hip and minimum score at 0 for a very bad result.

Harris Hip Score (HHS) resultsYears : 2

Harris Hip Score (HHS) contains 10 items with maximum score at 100 for a perfect hip and minimum score at 0 for a very bad result.

Oxford-12 resultsYears : 2

Oxford-12 allows to know the feelings of the patient during the last 4 weeks felt from 1 to 5 (satisfaction score).

Death rate (%)Years : 2

Analysis of death rate by group.

Trial Locations

Locations (14)

HCL - Hôpital de la Croix Rousse

🇫🇷

Lyon, France

CHU Marseille

🇫🇷

Marseille, France

CHU Caen

🇫🇷

Caen, France

CHU Amiens

🇫🇷

Amiens, France

CHU Nice

🇫🇷

Nice, France

CHU Lille

🇫🇷

Lille, France

Chu Saint-Etienne

🇫🇷

Saint-etienne, France

HCL - Hôpital Edouard Herriot

🇫🇷

Lyon, France

CHU Bordeaux

🇫🇷

Bordeaux, France

CHU Clermont-Ferrand

🇫🇷

Clermont-Ferrand, France

CHU Dijon

🇫🇷

Dijon, France

CHU Nantes

🇫🇷

Nantes, France

CHU Nancy

🇫🇷

Nancy, France

CHU Toulouse

🇫🇷

Toulouse, France

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