ProteIn Nutrition in Crohn's Disease

Not Applicable

Recruiting

• Conditions: Crohn Disease
• Interventions: Behavioral: Protein nutrition in paediatric Crohn's disease

• Registration Number: NCT05572008
• Lead Sponsor: University of Nottingham

Brief Summary

Muscles are essential for good quality of life. The investigators have shown that when children with Crohn's disease eat protein, only very little of it enters the muscles, leading to poor muscle growth and fatigue. The investigators want to find the reasons for this. The investigators will recruit 20 Crohn's disease patients and a matched group of healthy kids. The investigators will measure:

* Daily food intake and muscle strength.

* Protein absorption by giving our participants a milk protein test drink and take regular blood samples after.

* Muscle mass with MRI. This study will help understand how protein is handled in these patients.

Detailed Description

Muscle mass is maintained through the daily balance of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB), with the essential amino acid (EAA) components of a meal and muscle contraction being the primary stimulators of MPS. Adult patients with active CD ingest considerably less daily protein intake than age- BMI- matched healthy controls \[CD, 70.3 g ± 6.1; HV, 92.6 g ± 7.8, p = 0.03\]. Similar observations may be true for children with inactive CD where protein intake is lower with 79 ± 5g/day reported in CD and 90 ± 10g/day reported in HV. In male paediatric patients with long term CD, muscle metabolism is perturbed by a negative branched chain amino acid balance in the forearm. CD may have a significant effect on protein digestion and absorption, blunting the MPS response to feeding, leading to a chronic muscle mass reduction that may persist even when in remission.

The essential amino acid (EAA) components of a protein-meal are crucial for the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and we have shown of all the EAA, leucine plays a key role in driving MPS. Low serum levels EAA/leucine have been reported in adult CD but their role in the aetiology of sarcopenia in paediatric CD is unknown. Further, how CD affects the protein digestion/absorption and how this contributes to low EAA/leucine remains unclear. Recent advances in stable isotope tracer techniques now enable a more accurate determination of protein digestibility. By following the appearance of intrinsically labelled AAs into the blood upon digestion of the intrinsically labelled protein, alongside the appearance of label-free AAs, protein digestibility can be accurately determined.

Main aims: To accurately measure protein intake and fasting plasma EAA and non-EAA in paediatric CD. The investigators will use an intrinsically labelled protein milk to investigate protein digestion and absorption and link these findings to whole body muscle mass as measured through MRI.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2022-07-20
• Study First Submitted: 2022-09-13
• Status Verified: 2022-10
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-10-06
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-10-06
• Study First Posted: 2022-10-07
• Last Update Posted: 2022-10-07
• Primary Completion: 2022-12-28
• Study Completion: 2023-05-25

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 40

Inclusion Criteria

1. Age 12-17 years
2. BMI <30 kg/m2 (all)
3. **Documented diagnosis of CD previously confirmed by endoscopy and histology at least 6 months prior to enrolment (CD group only)
4. **Stable CD defined as no change in medication in the last 3 months (including corticosteroids) and no CD-related surgical intervention in the last 6 months (CD group only)
5. Able to participate fully in all aspects of the clinical trial (all)
6. Written informed consent obtained and documented (all) **n/a to HV's

Exclusion Criteria

1. A current diagnosis of UC, indeterminate colitis or microscopic colitis
2. A diagnosis of short-bowel syndrome
3. Serious underlying disease other than **CD that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the subject's ability to participate fully in the study
4. Contraindications for MRI scanning e.g. pacemaker
5. Dairy intolerance/milk protein allergy
6. Non-English speakers **n/a to HV's

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
paediatric Crohn's disease	Protein nutrition in paediatric Crohn's disease	CD young population (ages 12-17 years) - N=20
Healthy volunteers	Protein nutrition in paediatric Crohn's disease	Age-, BMI- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (HV) - N=20

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Assess protein intake	15 minutes/ history diary intake	Detailed 3-days protein intake via Intake24 online questionnaire

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Measure serum inflammatory cytokines	15 minutes	Serum key cytokines and hormones: IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15, TNF, GH, IGF-1, testosterone
Assess eating behaviour	10 minutes	Child Tree-Factor Eating Questionnaire (CTFEQr17) questionnaire
Assess calories, carbohydrate, fat and micronutrient intake	15 minutes/ history diary intake	Detailed 3-day calorie, carbohydrate, fat and micronutrient intake via Intake24 online questionnaire
Post-prandial protein digestibility	360 minutes	Postprandial plasma AA appearance/digestibility via collection of blood sample
Assess body composition	30 minutes	Intra-myocellular and extra-myocellular lipid content using 3T
Quantify muscle strength	30 minutes	Muscle strength will be assessed via maximal forearm contractions using a handgrip dynamometer

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

David Greenfield Human Physiology Unit, B Floor, Medical school, Queens Medical centre; 🇬🇧 Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom