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Dexamethasone Before Elective Cesarean Section at Term in Reducing Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Phase 4
Conditions
C08.381.840.500.475
C08.381.840.500.737
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT04816097
Lead Sponsor
Ain Shams University
Brief Summary

Prophylactic antenatal administration of corticosteroid enhance fetal lung maturity and reduce the probability of respiratory morbidity in preterm births.

assessment of administration of four doses intramuscular dexamethasone 48h before elective cesarean section at term in reducing the incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and NICU admission as a result

Detailed Description

Term neonates born between (37-39 wks) by elective cesarean section are likely to develop respiratory distress syndrome more than neonates born by vaginal delivery, and this risk increases for the subgroup of neonates born after elective caeserean section , i.e. before onset of labour , , with potentially severe implications The risk is decreasing with advanced gestational age and neonates born in 37 weeks are at 1.7 times more than those born at 38 weeks , which in turn are at 2.4 times more than those born at 39 weeks If the pregnant female is given four intramuscular injections of 6 mg of dexamethasone , 48 hrs before elective caesarean section decreases the neonatal respiratory morbidity. Five studies lasting between 3 to 20 years with more than 1500 patients have shown no adverse effect of single course of antenatal corticosteroid , neither through infection of the fetus or mother nor in long term neurological or cognitive effect According to Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018 , prophylactic administration of antenatal corticosteroids appeared to reduce the rate of RDS by approximately 52%. It also reduced the need for NICU admission, both due to respiratory morbidity (by approximately 58%) and for any indication. The reduction of NICU admissions due to respiratory reasons is consistent with the reduction of respiratory morbidity after corticosteroid administration

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
950
Inclusion Criteria
  • Gestational age (37-39wks).
  • Singleton pregnancy.
  • Didn't receive any steroid treatment during pregnancy.
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Exclusion Criteria
  • Undetermined gestational age
  • Maternal chronic diseases (e.g: hypertension, DM-2) to avoid any side effects of steroid use and to keep the pregnant 's case from getting worse.
  • Congenital fetal malformations
  • Emergency CS
  • Pregnant refusing to participate in the study or unable to consent
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Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Steroid GroupDexamethasone phosphateParticipants will receive 4 doses of dexamethasone 6mg IM 48h before elective CS.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)1st 6 hours after delivery
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
APGAR score5 min after delivery

A: Activity/muscle tone

0 points: limp or floppy

1. point: limbs flexed

2. points: active movement P: Pulse/heart rate

0 points: absent

1. point: less than 100 beats per minute

2. points: greater than 100 beats per minute G: Grimace (response to stimulation, such as suctioning the baby's nose)

0 points: absent

1. point: facial movement/grimace with stimulation

2. points: cough or sneeze, cry and withdrawal of foot with stimulation A: Appearance (color)

0 points: blue, bluish-gray, or pale all over

1. point: body pink but extremities blue

2. points: pink all over R: Respiration/breathing

0 points: absent

1. point: irregular, weak crying

2. points: good, strong cry

Rate of Neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)within 1st 48 hours after delivery
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