Non-invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring in COPD Patients Admitted to the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit: Reliability, Clinical Utility, and Ventilation-related Hemodynamic Changes

hemodynamic monitoring is critical in critically ill patients, especially those with COPD experiencing acute respiratory failure. Traditional invasive methods such as pulmonary artery catheterization are accurate but carry procedural risks. The ICON® device enables real-time, continuous, non-invasive assessment of parameters like cardiac output, stroke volume, systemic vascular resistance, and thoracic fluid content using thoracic bioimpedance. This prospective observational study will assess its reliability against clinical outcomes and evaluate the influence of different ventilation strategies (invasive, non-invasive, no ventilation) on hemodynamic changes. Data will be collected serially throughout ICU stay to determine ICON's contribution to optimizing patient management and risk stratification.