Preparing Children for Anesthesia With an Educational Pop-Up Book

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Pediatric Preoperative Anxiety, Pediatric Coping
• Interventions: Other: Pop-Up Book

• Registration Number: NCT04796077
• Lead Sponsor: Children's Healthcare of Atlanta

Brief Summary

The study evaluated an educational pop-up book about general anesthesia induction as an interactive, child-focused preoperative education resource for pediatric patients undergoing outpatient surgery. The study's objectives were to evaluate the book as an educational tool and to understand the book's effects on patient and caregiver perceptions of the surgical experience. The study's hypotheses were that preoperative education from the pop-up book, compared to standard care, would more effectively reduce children's fear and expected pain, facilitate more positive views of the procedure and preoperative explanations, encourage adaptive coping strategies, reduce behavioral anxiety at anesthesia induction, and increase caregiver satisfaction with the surgical experience.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2020-08-26
• Primary Completion: 2020-12-18
• Study Completion: 2020-12-18
• Status Verified: 2021-03
• Study First Submitted: 2021-03-09
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-03-11
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-03-11
• Study First Posted: 2021-03-12
• Last Update Posted: 2021-03-12

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 148

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

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Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Pop-Up Book	Pop-Up Book	Patients read an interactive pop-up book about general anesthesia induction in addition to standard consultation with an anesthesia provider.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Observer-Rated Behavioral Anxiety at Anesthesia Induction as assessed by the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale-Short Form	Baseline anxiety was rated upon initial entry into the preoperative holding area; anxiety at induction was rated while patients received inhalational induction via an anesthesia mask.	Patients' behavioral anxiety at anesthesia induction was assessed relative to baseline using the observer-rated modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale-Short Form. The scale ranges from 22.92-100; higher scores indicate greater anxiety (worse outcomes). Raters were preoperative nurses and circulating nurses blinded to group assignments.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Self-Reported Coping Strategies for Managing the Stress of Anesthesia Induction	Patients were interviewed after education and before premedication was administered.	In a prospective interview, patients reported coping strategies for managing the stress of anesthesia induction. Greater frequencies of adaptive coping strategies indicated better outcomes.
Caregiver Satisfaction with the Surgical Experience as assessed by a Likert-Scale Questionnaire	The questionnaire was administered after the patient underwent anesthesia induction.	Caregivers reported their satisfaction with the surgical experience using a 10-item Likert-scale questionnaire. The questionnaire was scored from 1-5; higher scores indicated more positive views (better outcomes).
Expectations about the Procedure, Attitudes about Anesthesia, and Views of Preoperative Explanations as assessed by a Likert-Scale Questionnaire	The outcomes were rated after education and before premedication was administered.	Patients self-reported their perceptions of the procedure and preoperative explanations (the pop-up book or provider consultation) using a 9-item Likert-scale questionnaire. The questionnaire was scored from 1-5; higher scores indicated more positive views (better outcomes).
Fear of Anesthesia Induction as assessed by the Children's Fear Scale	Fear was rated after education and before premedication was administered.	Patients self-reported their fear of anesthesia induction using the Children's Fear Scale. The scale ranges from 0-4; higher scores indicate greater fear (worse outcomes).
Expected Pain from the Anesthesia Mask and During Surgery as assessed by the Faces Pain Scale-Revised	Expected pain was rated after education and before premedication was administered.	Patients self-reported how much pain they expected (1) from the anesthesia mask and (2) while asleep for the surgical procedure using the Faces Pain Scale-Revised. The scale ranges from 0-5; higher scores indicate greater expected pain (worse outcomes).

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Satellite Boulevard Outpatient Surgery Center; 🇺🇸 Duluth, Georgia, United States