Resistance Training and Appetite Regulation
- Conditions
- Obesity
- Interventions
- Behavioral: Resistance Training
- Registration Number
- NCT03985787
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Colorado, Denver
- Brief Summary
This study plans to learn more about how resistance training impacts appetite and the brain's response to food. The study will be evaluating how the brain responds to food images as well as how behaviors and hormones change with a 12 week resistance training intervention.
- Detailed Description
Aim 1: To determine if RT impacts neuronal function associated with food intake behavior in a manner favoring reduced EI in overweight/obese adults.
Hypothesis: Compared to pre, post-RT fMRI measures will demonstrate ↓ neuronal responses to food cues in the insula, prefrontal cortex, and hypothalamus, brain regions implicated in reward, impulsivity, motivation, and regulation of ingestive behaviors. These changes will be associated with ad libitum EI.
Aim 2: To determine if RT impacts appetite-related peptides, ratings, and food intake behaviors in a manner favoring reduced EI in overweight/obese adults.
Hypothesis: Compared to pre, post-RT measures will show changes in appetite-related peptides, ratings (↓ hunger ↑ satiety), and behaviors (↓food-related cravings \& impulsivity, ↑ self-efficacy) consistent with EI reduction. Changes in appetite regulation indices will be associated with changes in relevant brain networks (Aim 1). These changes will also be associated with ↓ ad libitum EI.
Exploratory Aim: To determine if RT impacts neuronal function and appetite-related peptides and behaviors in a manner favoring ↓ EI in Non-Compensators (top tertile of fat mass loss) as compared to Compensators (bottom tertile of fat mass loss).
Hypothesis: Compared to Compensators, Non-Compensators will show ↓ neuronal responses to food cues and default network, and changes in appetite-related peptides, ratings, and behaviors consistent with ↓ EI.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 23
- all ethnic groups
- both sexes
- age: 18-55
- BMI: 27-40 kg/m2
- weight stable (±5% in last 6 months)
- sedentary (<2 hours of planned physical activity/week by self-report, no RT in previous 12-months)
- history of CVD
- DM
- uncontrolled Hypertension
- untreated thyroid disease
- renal disease
- hepatic disease
- other condition affecting weight/metabolism
- unable to exercise
- smoker
- medications affecting weight
- EI or EE in past 6 months
- weight loss/gain >5% in past 6 months
- post-menopausal women (defined as age appropriate women with 6 months or more of amenorrhea)
- currently pregnant, lactating, < 6 months post-partum
- woman who have undergone oophorectomy
- bariatric surgery
- major psychiatric disorder
- alcohol or substance abuse
- depression by history and/or score >21 on CES-D
- history of eating disorders and/or score >20 on EATS-26
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- SINGLE_GROUP
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description All Participants Resistance Training 12-weeks of a full body resistance training intervention. Intervention will consist of 4 training sessions per week that are approximately 45-minutes in length. Two days will be upper body training and 2 days lower body
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in Neuronal Responses to Food Cues in Regions of Interest Baseline, 12 Weeks Changes in the insula, prefrontal cortex, and hypothalamus response to salient food cues (pre vs post-RT) as measured by fMRI in response to 12-weeks of RT
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in Whole Brain Response Baseline, 12 Weeks Whole brain changes in response to salient food cues (pre vs post RT) as measured by fMRI in response to 12-weeks of RT
Change in Default Mode Network Baseline, 12 Weeks Changes in the DMN resting state activity and large-scale network connectivity (pre vs post RT) as measured by MRI in response to 12-weeks of RT
Changes in Appetite Ratings Baseline, 12 Weeks Changes in measures of appetite (hunger, satiety, and prospective food consumption) area under the curve \[AUC\] following a standardized test-meal in response to 12-weeks of RT.
Changes in Appetite-Related Hormones Baseline, 12 Weeks Changes in appetite-related hormones \[ghrelin, PYY, and GLP-1\] area under the curve \[AUC\] following a standardized test meal in response to 12-weeks of RT.
Change in In Lab Ad Libitum Energy Intake (kcals) Baseline, 12 Weeks Change in In lab ad libitum buffet lunch (via weigh and measure methodology) three hours after breakfast test meal at baseline and post-intervention
Change in Free-Living Ad libitum Energy Intake (kcals) Baseline, 12 Weeks Change in Three days of free-living ad libitum energy intake (via DHQ food frequency questionnaire) at baseline and post intervention.
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus
🇺🇸Aurora, Colorado, United States