Sex Differences in the Vascular Effects of E-cigarette Use
- Conditions
- E-cigarette Use
- Interventions
- Drug: Local heating + L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor)Other: Chronic estrogen exposure
- Registration Number
- NCT06159608
- Lead Sponsor
- Anna Stanhewicz, PhD
- Brief Summary
The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems, or e-cigarettes - colloquially referred to as "vaping" - in the United States has increased exponentially since their introduction to the US market in 2007. Prevalence of ever and current e-cigarette use is highest among teenagers and young adults with 16-28% of this population having reported vaping. While the majority of e-cigarette users are current tobacco smokers, 32.5% of current e-cigarette users are never- or former-smokers, representing a growing population of young adults who exclusively vape. While e-cigarettes have been marketed as a safer alternative to tobacco cigarettes, clinical studies examining these claims are limited. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of premature death among tobacco cigarette smokers and reductions in vascular endothelial function, a significant predictor of future CVD, are detectible in otherwise healthy young adults who smoke. Despite the explosion in e-cigarette use among young adults, the health effects - especially the effects on mechanisms of vascular function - of these devices remain relatively unexplored.
In this study, we use the blood vessels in the skin as a representative vascular bed for examining mechanisms of microvascular dysfunction in humans. Using a minimally invasive technique (intradermal microdialysis for the local delivery of pharmaceutical agents) we examine the blood vessels in a dime-sized area of the skin in otherwise healthy young (18-24yrs) chronic e-cigarette users. Local heating of the skin at the microdialysis sites is used to explore differences in mechanisms governing microvascular control. As a compliment to these measurements, we also draw blood from the subjects to measure circulating factors that may contribute to cardiovascular health and examine markers of inflammatory activation. We will also collect urine from female participants to measure estradiol.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 80
-
18-24 years old
-
one of the following:
- have no history of e-cigarette use
- be a current e-cigarette user who has been using e-cigarettes for 6 months or longer
- history of cardiovascular, metabolic, and/or skin diseases
- body mass index >30 kg/m2
- blood pressure ≥140 systolic and/or ≥ 90 diastolic
- current or history of tobacco cigarette use
- current antihypertensive or cholesterol-lowering medication
- current use of cannabis, marijuana, and/or other illegal substances
- current use of stimulant drugs
- currently pregnant or breastfeeding
- allergy to materials used during the experiment (e.g. latex),
- known allergy to study drugs
- healthy control subjects will also be excluded if they have ever used e-cigarettes in the past
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Healthy Young Women Chronic estrogen exposure Young women who do not use e-cigarettes Young Women using E-cigarettes Chronic estrogen exposure Young women chronically use e-cigarettes Healthy Young Women Local heating + L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) Young women who do not use e-cigarettes Young Women using E-cigarettes Local heating + L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) Young women chronically use e-cigarettes Young Men using E-cigarettes Local heating + L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) Young men chronically use e-cigarettes Healthy Young Men Local heating + L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) Young men who do not use e-cigarettes
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method monthly estrogen exposure 1 month daily estradiol levels will be measured in all women for 1 month/menstrual cycle
Change in microvascular endothelium-dependent dilation response measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry at the study visit, an average of 4 hours cutaneous vascular vasodilator responses to local heating over a microdialysis fiber receiving lactated Ringer's solution, followed by L-NAME infusion to quantify NO-dependent response
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
University of Iowa
🇺🇸Iowa City, Iowa, United States