Observational Retro-prospective Study on PD1/PDL1 Inhibitors Treatment Duration in Patients With NSCLC
- Conditions
- Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
- Interventions
- Drug: Immunotherapy
- Registration Number
- NCT05418660
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Milano Bicocca
- Brief Summary
Retrospective/ prospective, multicentre, international observational study on long-responders with non-small cell lung carcinoma patients treated with anti Programmed cell Death 1/ Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 (anti-PD1/PD-L1) in any line of treatment for at least 24 months with response partial/complete response or disease stability. Patients will be divided into two cohorts based on whether they stopped treatment at 24 months (not for toxicity) or continued by clinical choice and stratified according to treatment line and baseline PD-L1 expression.
- Detailed Description
Programmed cell Death protein / Ligand 1 (PD-1 / PD-L1) inhibitors Atezolizumab, Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab have demonstrated a great efficacy and a good safety profile in patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), both in first-line (PD-L1 expression \> 50%) and in subsequent lines regardless of PD-L1 status. Recently, the combination of Pembrolizumab with platinum salts and pemetrexed has become the gold standard for the first-line treatment in patients with PD-L1 expression \<50%. Data on the optimal duration of immunotherapy are scarce, especially considering that the onset of immune-related adverse events (irAE) has also been reported after several months of treatment and the long-term effects of the persistent immune system stimulation are unknown. Furthermore, predictive factors are not available to identify those patients who will respond to treatment and could benefit from a shorter duration of therapy -this information is pivotal to minimize the risk of side effects and improve the quality of life. Basal characteristics, such as PD-L1 expression, percentage of Cluster of Differentiation 8 (CD-8) + T-lymphocyte in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), mutational status, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelets to lymphocytes ratio (PLR) have been reported as possible biomarkers, but further data are needed to confirm their predictive value. The purpose of the study is to identify the differences in terms of effectiveness and safety of immunotherapy in long-responder patients in the two cohorts. Secondary objectives are to evaluate the outcome after anti-PD1/PD-L1 rechallenge or other treatment for patients who progress after immunotherapy discontinuation and to identify baseline characteristics that may be predictive of response (molecular characteristics, biohumoral parameters, body mass index).
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 300
- Age ≥ 18 years
- Histologically / cytologically confirmed diagnosis of NSCLC, with or without brain metastases
- Illness measurable according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (iRECIST) criteria
- At least 24 months of treatment with Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab or Atezolizumab
- Complete response (CR)/ partial response (RP)/ stable disease at the end of 24-month treatment. The maintenance of the response may also have been obtained after loco-regional treatment, e.g. surgery or radiotherapy, in the case of oligoprogression for a maximum of 3 locoregional treatments (e.g. radiotherapy, surgery) throughout the period of treatment and suspension. Even progression at the brain level, treated with radiation therapy or surgery, can be considered, provided that it is followed by a disease control for at least 3 months.
- At least 3 months of follow-up or death within three months after stopping the 24-month treatment.
- Informed consent freely granted and acquired before the start of the study, for alive and contactable patients.
- Initial chemo-immunotherapy treatment or association with other immunotherapy or other drugs in the context of clinical trials.
- Permanent discontinuation of treatment with anti PD-1 / PD-L1 for adverse events.
- More than 3 loco-regional treatments for maintaining the radiological response
- Suspension of immunotherapy for a period longer than 40 days during the 24-month treatment.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- OBSERVATIONAL
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Cohort 2 Immunotherapy The cohort includes patients who continue the treatment beyond 24 months until unacceptable toxicity or progression. Cohort 1 Immunotherapy The cohort includes patients who discontinue the treatment at 24 months and continue the follow-up at least for 3 months
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Percentage of patients with disease progression after 24 months of treatment Through study completion, an average of 18 months Proportion of patients who show disease progression according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) criteria
Overall survival Through study completion, an average of 18 months Overall survival (OS) in the two cohorts; OS will be calculated from the first day of treatment until the date of death from any cause.
Progression Free survival Through study completion, an average of 18 months Progression free survival (PFS) in the two cohorts; at least 24 months with Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab or Atezolizumab in any treatment line
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method
Trial Locations
- Locations (9)
AOU Ospedali Riuniti
🇮🇹Ancona, Italy
Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi
🇮🇹Firenze, Italy
Ospedale Policlinico San Martino
🇮🇹Genova, Italy
Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria
🇮🇹Parma, Italy
Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori
🇮🇹Monza, Italy
Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori
🇮🇹Napoli, Italy
Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria San Luigi
🇮🇹Orbassano, Italy
Azienda Ospedaliera Marche Nord
🇮🇹Pesaro, Italy
Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale
🇮🇹Udine, Italy