Pictorial Warning Labels & Memory for Relative & Absolute Cigarette Health-risk Information Over Time in Adult Smokers

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Smoking Cessation; Smoking, Cigarette
• Interventions: Behavioral: low arousal graphic PWL; Behavioral: high arousal graphic PWL; Behavioral: text-only PWL; Behavioral: absolute risk; Behavioral: relative risk

• Registration Number: NCT03499340
• Lead Sponsor: Ohio State University

Brief Summary

Pictorial cigarette warning labels (PWLs) are thought to increase risk knowledge, but experimental research has not examined PWLs' longer term effects on memory for health risks. In this study, adult smokers are repeatedly exposed to text-only vs. low arousal graphic vs. high arousal graphic warning labels paired with numeric risk information. This study will allow the investigators to assess the extent to which reactions to warnings remain consistent over time and influence smoking risk perceptions and quit intentions. The investigators will also assess the impact of graphic images on memory for smoking risk information presented in absolute (a smoker's lifetime risk of getting a smoking related disease) versus relative (a smoker's risk of getting a smoking related disease, compared to the risk of non-smokers) formats.

Detailed Description

Not available

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2017-07-10
• Primary Completion: 2017-10-03
• Study Completion: 2017-10-03
• Status Verified: 2018-04
• Study First Submitted: 2018-04-09
• Study First Submitted QC: 2018-04-13
• Last Update Submitted: 2018-04-13
• Study First Posted: 2018-04-17
• Last Update Posted: 2018-04-17

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 3213

Inclusion Criteria

• have smoked 100+ lifetime cigarettes
• currently smoke "every day" or "some days."

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Exclusion Criteria

• have not ever smoked a cigarette

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: FACTORIAL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Low arousal graphic PWL, absolute risk	low arousal graphic PWL	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, paired with a low arousal graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
Text-only PWL, absolute risk	absolute risk	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, without a graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
Text-only PWL, relative risk	relative risk	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, without a graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk and non-smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
High arousal graphic PWL, absolute risk	high arousal graphic PWL	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, paired with a high arousal graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
High arousal graphic PWL, absolute risk	absolute risk	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, paired with a high arousal graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
Text-only PWL, absolute risk	text-only PWL	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, without a graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
Text-only PWL, relative risk	text-only PWL	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, without a graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk and non-smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
Low arousal graphic PWL, absolute risk	absolute risk	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, paired with a low arousal graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
Low arousal graphic PWL, relative risk	low arousal graphic PWL	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, paired with a low arousal graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk and non-smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
Low arousal graphic PWL, relative risk	relative risk	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, paired with a low arousal graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk and non-smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
High arousal graphic PWL, relative risk	relative risk	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, paired with a high arousal graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk and non-smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease
High arousal graphic PWL, relative risk	high arousal graphic PWL	Exposure to FDA-mandated warning labels, paired with a high arousal graphic image, accompanied by risk information about smoker's risk and non-smoker's risk of a smoking-related disease

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
numeric risk recognition	measured immediately following last exposure	Participants answered one multiple choice question about the numeric risk for smokers for each label (e.g., ____% of smokers die before age 85). For each question, there were four decoy responses.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
numeric risk recognition	measured after 6-week delay	Participants answered one multiple choice question about the numeric risk for smokers for each label (e.g., ____% of smokers die before age 85). For each question, there were four decoy responses.
relative risk recognition	measured after 6-week delay	Participants answered one multiple choice question about the numeric risk for smokers vs. nonsmokers for each health risk (e.g., a smoker is ____ as likely to die from heart disease as a nonsmoker). For each question, there were three decoy responses (e.g., for heart disease, response options were: "about as likely," "1.75 times," "4.1 times," "10.4 times").
risk recognition	measured after 6-week delay	Participants were given a list of 9 warnings and asked to select which ones they'd been previously exposed to
smoking risk perceptions	measured after 6-week delay	Participants completed several scale items about how much risk they perceived smoking posed to them (e.g., "If a person smokes at your age, how likely are they to get a life-threatening illness from smoking someday ?" \[1=very unlikely; 5=extremely likely\])
quit intentions (for next 30 days)	measured after 6-week delay	Participants intentions to quit smoking; self-reported likelihood of smoking "within the next 30 days" (-3 = very unlikely, 3 = very likely)
quit intentions (for next year)	measured after 6-week delay	Participants intentions to quit smoking; self-reported likelihood of smoking "within next year" (-3 = very unlikely, 3 = very likely)
feelings about smoking	measured after 6-week delay	Participants completed several scale items about their feelings towards smoking (e.g., "How good or bad do you feel about smoking?" -2=very bad; +2=very good; "How much do you feel confused about the harms vs. benefits of smoking?" 0=not at all confused; 4=very confused)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

The Ohio State University; 🇺🇸 Columbus, Ohio, United States