Different Endurance Training Protocols in Cardiac Patients

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease
• Interventions: Other: Continuous Endurance Training; Other: High-intensity interval training; Other: Pyramid Training

• Registration Number: NCT02303379
• Lead Sponsor: Paracelsus Medical University

Brief Summary

It is the aim of our study to compare the effects of 6 and/or 2 years of either HIT (carried out at correctly assessed 85-95% of maximal heart rate), pyramid, or continuous endurance training, on changes of physical exercise capacity in cardiac patients.

Detailed Description

The three exercise arms (isocaloric) are composed as follows:

Endurance training: 31 min at 65-75% HRmax, making it a total of 25min; HIT: 4x4min intervals at 85-95% HRmax divided by 3x3min of active recovery at 60-70% HRmax, making it a total of 25 min; Pyramid: One pyramid consists of 8 one-minute blocks. Those are grouped starting with one block of 70-75% HRmax, followed by one block at 75-80% HRmax and another one at 80-85% HRmax. The top of the pyramid are 2 blocks of 85-90% HRmax. Intensity is lowered afterwards with one block of 80-85% HRmax, followed by one block at 75-80% HRmax and last one at 70-75% HRmax. Two more pyramids follow, each divided by 2min of active recovery at 65-70% HRmax, making it a total of 28min.

All protocols are initiated by 5min of warm-up and end with 5min of cool-down, both at 60-70% HRmax.

Primary Outcome: Individual maximum power output in watt (Pmax). Secondary Outcome: Change of power output in watt at lactate tresholds at 2 and 4mmol/l.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2014-01
• Study First Submitted: 2014-11-25
• Study First Submitted QC: 2014-11-25
• Study First Posted: 2014-11-27
• Primary Completion: 2018-12
• Study Completion: 2020-12
• Status Verified: 2021-01
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-01-28
• Last Update Posted: 2021-01-29

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 52

Inclusion Criteria

• acute coronary syndrome (STEMI - NONSTEMI)
• aortocoronary bypass surgery
• percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
• state after stable coronary heart disease
• state after heart surgeries
• state after myo-, endo-, or pericarditis
• state after heart- or lung-transplantation
• state after heart failure
• state after pulmonary hypertension
• state after peripheral venous disease
• state after electrophysiological surgery
• state after implantation of an implantable cardioverter or difibrillator
• Patients at high risk
• Patients with cardiac dysrhythmias or sudden death

Exclusion Criteria

• unstable angina pectoris
• Heart failure (NYHA IV)
• acute myo-, endo-, or pericarditis or other infections
• pulmonary-arterial embolism or phlebothrombosis within 6 months
• hemodynamic instable dysrhythmias
• hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• medical conditions which prevent patients from complying with the exercise program

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Continuous Endurance training	High-intensity interval training	Endurance training with constant work load 31min at 65-75% maximal heart rate (HRmax)
High-intensity intervall training	Continuous Endurance Training	HIT: 4x4 min intervals at85-95% HRmax divided by 3x3min of active recovery at 60-70% HRmax, making it a total of 25min.
High-intensity intervall training	Pyramid Training	HIT: 4x4 min intervals at85-95% HRmax divided by 3x3min of active recovery at 60-70% HRmax, making it a total of 25min.
Pyramid Training	High-intensity interval training	One pyramid consists of 8 one-minute blocks. Those are grouped starting with one block of 70-75% HRmax, followed by one block at 75-80% HRmax and another one at 80-85% HRmax. The top of the pyramid are 2 blocks of 85-90% HRmax. Intensity is lowered afterwards with one block of 80-85% HRmax, followed by one block at 75-80% HRmax and last one at 70-75% HRmax. Two more pyramids follow, each divided by 2min of active recovery at 65-70% HRmax, making it a total of 28min.
Pyramid Training	Continuous Endurance Training	One pyramid consists of 8 one-minute blocks. Those are grouped starting with one block of 70-75% HRmax, followed by one block at 75-80% HRmax and another one at 80-85% HRmax. The top of the pyramid are 2 blocks of 85-90% HRmax. Intensity is lowered afterwards with one block of 80-85% HRmax, followed by one block at 75-80% HRmax and last one at 70-75% HRmax. Two more pyramids follow, each divided by 2min of active recovery at 65-70% HRmax, making it a total of 28min.
Continuous Endurance training	Pyramid Training	Endurance training with constant work load 31min at 65-75% maximal heart rate (HRmax)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Physical work capacity (PWC)	6 weeks or 36 weeks	PWC will be measured by graded exercise testing on cycle ergometer.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Heart rate	6 weeks or 36 weeks	Heart rate will be measured by graded exercise testing on cycle ergometer.
Lactate Thresholds	6 weeks or 36 weeks	Lactate thresholds will be measured by graded exercise testing on cycle ergometer.
Blood pressure	6 weeks or 36 weeks	Blood pressure will be measured by graded exercise testing on cycle ergometer.
Metabolical and cellular blood parameter	6 weeks or 36 weeks	Blood will be taken before and after intervention
Gene expression	6 weeks or 36 weeks	Gene expression will be taken before and after intervention
Quality of Life	6 weeks or 36 weeks	Quality of Life will be taken before and after intervention
BMI	6 weeks or 36 weeks	BMI will be taken before and after intervention

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation Paracelsus Medical University; 🇦🇹 Salzburg, Austria