Value of Blood Indices of Systemic Inflammation in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Abdominal Sepsis

Sepsis is a complex, multifactorial syndrome which can evolve into conditions of varying severity. If left untreated, it may lead to the functional impairment of one or more vital organs or systems. Severity of illness and the inherent mortality risk escalate from sepsis, through severe sepsis (defined as sepsis associated with at least one acute organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion, or hypotension) and septic shock up multi-organ failure. Previous studies have demonstrated that mortality rates increase dramatically in the event of severe sepsis and septic shock.

Abdominal infection is a common indication for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and the abdomen is the second most common site of invasive infection among critically ill patients in epidemiological and therapeutic studies. Abdominal infections are more often associated with septic shock and acute kidney injury than are infections in other sites. The spectrum of disease and severity is broad and management of these infections is challenging.

The inflammatory response in patients with sepsis depends on the causative pathogen and the host (genetic characteristics and coexisting illnesses), with differential responses at local, regional, and systemic levels.

On the systemic level, several indices have been used as a mirror to outcome in patients with various pathologies, of which are the Blood Indices of Systemic Inflammation.

As these blood indices are easy and available investigation that may be promising predictors in sepsis, we aim in this study to evaluate their role in abdominal sepsis.