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EXtubation Related Complications - the EXTUBE Study (EXTUBE)

Not yet recruiting
Conditions
Extubation
Registration Number
NCT06442930
Lead Sponsor
University Health Network, Toronto
Brief Summary

EXTUBE is an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study evaluating the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of extubation-related complications and describing clinical practices related to extubation after general anesthesia or after critical illness in the operating room (OR), out of OR anesthesia location or intensive care unit (ICU).

Detailed Description

Globally, over 200 million people each year require extubation. While routinely performed, extubation is a skilled and potentially high-risk procedure that should be performed only when physiologic, pharmacologic, and contextual conditions are optimal.Complications at this stage of patient care can result in decreased oxygen delivery to the brain and body, sometimes leading to serious adverse events such as cardiac arrest, brain damage, or death. Indeed, one quarter of airway complications that result in death or brain death occur at the time of extubation.

Despite the frequency of extubation and the potential for life-threatening complications, there is a lack of systematic data on the rate and circumstances under which these severe complications occur. The limited data indicate 10-30% of extubations may lead to severe complications, depending on the population and outcome definition. However, the certainty of these estimates is severely limited because they are based on studies that are small, mostly single-center, based on clinician recall, only capture a small portion of extubation complications (e.g., malpractice claims), or do not reflect current clinical practice. In addition, most lack a denominator and exclude successful extubations, making estimates of actual complication rates and risk factors impossible.

There has been no large study of extubation techniques or adherence to guidelines, so procedural factors associated with complications must be elucidated. While adherence to clinical practice guidelines has not been formally evaluated, surveys show non-adherence to some best practices and considerable variation in practice, and data from audits and medicolegal claims show that lack of adherence to best practices is frequently at the root cause of severe adverse extubation outcomes, with half of the complications deemed preventable. Therefore, data on the frequency and nature of extubation complications, patient and procedural risk factors for complications, and guideline adherence rates are needed before these preventable events can be addressed.

EXTUBE (EXtubation related complications - an international observational study To Understand the impact and BEst practices in the operating room and intensive care unit) is an international, multicenter, prospective cohort study

The primary objective of this study is to determine the incidence of severe extubation-related complications within 60 minutes after extubation in adults who have undergone mechanical ventilation for general anesthesia or critical illness. The secondary objectives are to determine: 1) the incidence of mild extubation complications; 2) patient- and procedure-related risk factors for extubation complications; 3) the association between extubation complications and outcomes until hospital discharge; and 4) the rate of adherence to extubation clinical practice guidelines.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
3000
Inclusion Criteria
  • Adult patients (> 18 years old)
  • Undergoing extubation of an endotracheal tube (including index extubation and re-extubations) after general anesthesia in the OR, out of OR anesthesia location or ICU
  • Undergoing extubation during the specified enrollment window
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Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients will be excluded if the extubation is performed in the context of withdrawal of life support measures,
  • Patients will be excluded if the extubation is performed for tracheostomy decannulation
  • Patients will be excluded if the extubation is accidental.

For each patient who is not included, reasons for exclusion will be reported.

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Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
At least one of the following, occurring within 60minutes after extubation (composite outcome): i) Severe hypoxemia ii) Cardiac arrest iii) Need for airway managementWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

The primary outcome will be the occurrence of at least one of the following (composite outcome) occurring within 60 minutes after the end of extubation:

i) Severe hypoxemia (oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry falls below SpO2 \< 80%) ii) Cardiac arrest iii) Need for airway management (reintubation, insertion of a supraglottic airway, bag-mask ventilation).

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Difficult airway if reintubation is requiredWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

Difficult airway (i.e., anticipated or experienced difficulty by an experienced airway manager with any or all of laryngoscopy or tracheal intubation, supraglottic airway use, face-mask ventilation, or front-of-neck airway) if reintubation is required

Emergency front of neck airwayWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

Emergency front of neck airway should airway management be required after extubation

Cardiac arrhythmia requiring chemical or electrical treatmentWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

Cardiac arrhythmia requiring chemical or electrical treatment

HypotensionWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

Hypotension (systolic arterial pressure \< 65 mmHg recorded at any time or \< 90 mmHg for \>30 minutes)

Complications related to airway management if reintubation is requiredWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

Complications related to airway management (e.g., oesophageal intubation) if reintubation is required

Unplanned non-invasive respiratory supportWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

Unplanned non-invasive respiratory support

Re-intubationWithin 48 hours after extubation

Re-intubation within 48 hours of extubation

HypertensionWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

Severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥180 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥120 mmHg)

Pulmonary aspirationWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

Aspiration of gastric contents (gastric contents inhaled into the larynx and the respiratory tract)

Dental injuryWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

Dental injury (notable change to the patient's dentition attributable to extubation or to reintubation, should this be required)

BarotraumaWithin 60 minutes after the end of extubation

Pneumothorax/pneumo-mediastinum

MortalityWithin 7 days after extubation

In-hospital mortality

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University Health Network

🇨🇦

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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