Taurine Supplementation Associated or Not With Exercise: Effect on Browning of White Adipose Tissue in Elderly Women With Sarcopenic Obesity
- Conditions
- Browning of Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue Post InterventionMetabolic and Inflammatory Variables Post Intervention
- Interventions
- Dietary Supplement: Taurine supplementationOther: Placebo controlOther: Pshysical exercise
- Registration Number
- NCT05415176
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Sao Paulo
- Brief Summary
The aging process is followed by metabolic and body composition changes, increasing the risk of obesity and sarcopenia. The coexistence of these conditions acts synergistically on each other and is known as sarcopenic obesity. Beige adipose tissue is a tissue type that emerges from subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT), altering its phenotype to resemble the thermogenic functions of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in response to beta-adrenergic stimuli. Some in vitro and animal studies suggest that taurine supplementation and physical exercise are effective interventions in stimulating the aforementioned tissue, promoting what is known as WAT darkening, improving energy metabolism and showing benefits on the maintenance of muscle mass via stimulation of the coactivating protein PGC1α. These investigations are scarce in humans and could help health professionals in the adjuvant treatment of sarcopenic obesity. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to analyze the effects of taurine supplementation associated or not with physical exercise on the darkening of the WAT in sarcopenic obese elderly women.
- Detailed Description
The aging process is followed by metabolic and body composition changes, increasing the risk of obesity and sarcopenia. The coexistence of these conditions acts synergistically on each other and is known as sarcopenic obesity. Beige adipose tissue is a tissue type that emerges from subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT), altering its phenotype to resemble the thermogenic functions of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in response to beta-adrenergic stimuli. Some in vitro and animal studies suggest that taurine supplementation and physical exercise are effective interventions in stimulating the aforementioned tissue, promoting what is known as WAT darkening, improving energy metabolism and showing benefits on the maintenance of muscle mass via stimulation of the coactivating protein PGC1α. These investigations are scarce in humans and could help health professionals in the adjuvant treatment of sarcopenic obesity. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to analyze the effects of taurine supplementation associated or not with physical exercise on the darkening of the WAT in sarcopenic obese elderly women. Volunteers with low appendicular lean mass (\<15 kg) and body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 40 kg/m² will be recruited. These will be subdivided into 4 groups: control group (Cont), taurine (Tau), exercise (Exe) and exercise and taurine (Exe +Tau) and the duration of the intervention for all groups will be 16 weeks. Data related to anthropometry, body composition, biochemical tests, and food intake will be collected. To evaluate the effects on the darkening, a biopsy of the abdominal subcutaneous white adipose tissue will be performed to analyze protein, lipidomic and genetic parameters of this tissue pre and post intervention. Data will be analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal-Wallis test depending on the normality of the data that will be tested by Shapiro-Wilk. A significance level for p \<0.05 will be admitted. All analyzes will be performed in SPSS version 20 software.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
- Sex
- Female
- Target Recruitment
- 40
- BMI between 30 and 40kg/m²;
- Appendicular lean mass below 15 kg;
- Dynamometry below the cutoff point adjusted for sex and BMI (less than or equal to 21kg);
- "Sit and stand" test below the cut-off point adjusted for the age group, considering the number of repetitions in 30 seconds;
- Present medical certificate to perform physical exercise
- alcoholics
- smokers
- diseases that prevents the practice of physical activity
- medical impediment to the practice of physical exercise throughout the study
- infectious diseases
- coronary diseases
- chronic kidney diseases
- undergoing nutritional monitoring or weight loss treatment
- score ≤13 for cognitive screening on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Taurine (Tau) Taurine supplementation Individuals who will receive 3g of taurine supplementation Placebo (Cont) Placebo control Individuals who will receive a placebo supplementation in the period of 16 weeks Taurine and Exercise (Tau+Exe) Taurine supplementation Individuals who will receive 3g of taurine supplementation combined with physical training in the period of 16 weeks Exercise (Exe) Pshysical exercise Individuals who will perform a physical training and receive a placebo supplementation in the period of 16 weeks Taurine and Exercise (Tau+Exe) Pshysical exercise Individuals who will receive 3g of taurine supplementation combined with physical training in the period of 16 weeks
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Browning of white adipose tissue 16 weeks Changes in the gene and protein expression on the subcutaneous white adipose tissue
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Changes in inflamatory markers 16 weeks Evaluate the inflamatory markers PCR, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15, IFNy, MCP1, TNF-α, NFκβ, JNK1, PTP1B, iNOS
Changes in metabolic parameters - lipid profile 16 weeks Changes in lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides)samples in pre and post intervention
Changes in metabolic parameters - fasting blood glucose 16 weeks Changes in fasting blood glucose samples in pre and post intervention
Changes in metabolic parameters - insulin sensitivity 16 weeks Changes in insulin sensitivity samples in pre and post intervention
Changes in plasma taurine 16 weeks Evaluate the changes in the plasma taurine pre and post intervention
Indirect calorimetry assessment 16 weeks Changes in resting metabolic rate (RMR) evaluated pre and post intervention by indirect calorimetry.
Changes in plasma irisin 16 weeks Evaluate the changes in plasma irisin pre and post intervention
Body composition changes 16 weeks Changes in fat-free mass and fat mass evaluated pre and post intervention by iDEXA
Improvement of physical performance 16 weeks Improvement of physical performance evaluated by the 6-minute walk test, elbow flexion, sit and stand test and hand grip test
Changes in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) morphology 16 weeks Evaluate the changes in the white adipose tissue morphology by the histological analysis
Changes in Lipidomic profile of sWAT 16 weeks Evaluate the fatty acids profile in the sWAT
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto
🇧🇷Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil