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Optimizing Text Messaging to Improve Adherence to Web-Based Cessation Treatment

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Smoking Cessation
Interventions
Behavioral: Message Intensity
Behavioral: Dynamic Tailoring
Behavioral: Integration
Behavioral: Personalization
Behavioral: Optimal-Adherence Text
Registration Number
NCT02585206
Lead Sponsor
Truth Initiative
Brief Summary

This study is comprised of 2 phases to study the impact of a text message system on overall adherence to a web-based smoking cessation program. Phase I uses a full factorial design to identify the most optimal text message intervention to maximize adherence to the BecomeAnEX.org smoking cessation program. Phase II is a randomized controlled trial that compares regular BecomeAnEX users to those who will receive the optimized text message intervention (from Phase I) in conjunction with BecomeAnEX for impact on long-term abstinence.

Detailed Description

This study is comprised of 2 active phases, all conducted with registered users on BecomeAnEX.org, a well-established smoking cessation website.

Phase I involves the initial development and optimization of the text message intervention. The investigators will examine the impact of 4 experimental text message intervention features on smokers' adherence to a web-based cessation intervention during the first 3 months of program enrollment. The investigators will utilize a full factorial design where participants will be randomized to 1 of 2 levels of each of the following features: 1) personalization (yes/no), 2) integration (yes/no), 3) dynamic tailoring (yes/no), and 4) message intensity (standard vs. decreasing). The primary outcome in Phase I will be a composite metric of utilization.

Phase II involves a 2-arm randomized trial that compares WEB alone to WEB plus the text message intervention from Phase I that yields optimal adherence (WEB+OA_TXT). The randomized trial will use a repeated measures design, with assessments at baseline, 3, 9, and 15 months. Follow-ups at 3, 9, and 15 months correspond to 0, 6, and 12 months post-treatment. The primary outcome is 30-day point prevalence abstinence (ppa) at 9-months. The investigators will assess and validate smoking status at all follow-ups. Other outcomes include motivation to quit, quit attempts, and continuous abstinence.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
1485
Inclusion Criteria
  • US residency
  • Current smoker
  • Access to and willingness to receive text messages on a mobile phone
  • Access to Internet
  • Access to and willingness to receive email communication from study personnel
Exclusion Criteria
  • None

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
FACTORIAL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Arm 2Message IntensityPersonalization OFF Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Arm 4Dynamic TailoringPersonalization OFF Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 4Message IntensityPersonalization OFF Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 7Dynamic TailoringPersonalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Arm 6IntegrationPersonalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Arm 8IntegrationPersonalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 8Dynamic TailoringPersonalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 9PersonalizationPersonalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity OFF
Arm 6Message IntensityPersonalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Arm 11PersonalizationPersonalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Arm 12Dynamic TailoringPersonalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 10Message IntensityPersonalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Arm 13IntegrationPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity OFF
Arm 3Dynamic TailoringPersonalization OFF Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Arm 5IntegrationPersonalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity OFF
Arm 7IntegrationPersonalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Arm 8Message IntensityPersonalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 10PersonalizationPersonalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Arm 12PersonalizationPersonalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 12Message IntensityPersonalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 11Dynamic TailoringPersonalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Arm 14PersonalizationPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Arm 15IntegrationPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Arm 15Dynamic TailoringPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Arm 13PersonalizationPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity OFF
Arm 14IntegrationPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Arm 15PersonalizationPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Arm 16Dynamic TailoringPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 16Message IntensityPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 14Message IntensityPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Arm 16PersonalizationPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Arm 16IntegrationPersonalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
WEB+OA_TXTOptimal-Adherence TextPhase II arm. Full access to standard BecomeAnEX.org web-based smoking cessation program PLUS optimal-adherence text message program from Phase I.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Phase I - Composite adherence metric3 months

The investigators will create a composite metric of adherence for each Phase I participant using a weighted sum of their total number of number of visits, as well as of their page views, time on site, and use of the 6 interactive components of the site per visit during 3 months post-enrollment.

Phase II - 30-day point prevalence abstinence9 months post randomization

Self-reported 30-day point prevalence abstinence at 9 months post randomization

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Phase II - 30day point prevalence abstinence15 months post randomization

Self-reported 30-day point prevalence abstinence at 15 months post randomization

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Truth Initiative

🇺🇸

Washington, District of Columbia, United States

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