Is There a Relationship Between Hyperlipidemia and Periodontitis?

Completed

• Conditions: Hyperlipidemia, Periodontal Disease
• Interventions: Other: No intervention was applied

• Registration Number: NCT02826720
• Lead Sponsor: Marmara University

Brief Summary

The aim of present study is to investigate any relationship between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease regarding the periodontal parameters and plasma lipid parameters, along with age, gender, brushing habit, body mass index, dietary habit, physical activity, alcohol consumption.

In this cross sectional study, a total of 160 individuals were divided into two groups based on their metabolic status: hyperlipidemic group (n=97) and normolipidemic group (n=63). Plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) clinical parameters and community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) scores were measured. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels had been determined previously during individuals routine systemic examinations. Daily brushing habits and interdental cleaning together with dietary habits, alcohol consumption and physical activity levels were also recorded.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2014-01
• Primary Completion: 2016-01
• Study Completion: 2016-03
• Study First Submitted: 2016-06-29
• Status Verified: 2016-07
• Study First Submitted QC: 2016-07-05
• Last Update Submitted: 2016-07-05
• Study First Posted: 2016-07-11
• Last Update Posted: 2016-07-11

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 160

Inclusion Criteria

• Subjects having no periodontal treatment within previous 6 months,
• number of natural teeth ≥ 10,
• no history of cancer and systemic disease that affects lipid levels or periodontium,
• no history of medical treatment for hyperlipidemia, BMI< 30 kg/m2,
• no pregnancy,
• no history of systemic antibiotic treatment within previous 3 months,
• no smoking.

Exclusion Criteria

• patients with history of systemic disease that affects lipid metabolism or periodontal disease
• history of medical treatment for hyperlipidemia
• pregnancy, lactation or hormone replacement therapy at the time of study
• use of any other drug known to affect lipid metabolism or periodontal disease
• systemic infection or any history of systemic antibiotic treatment in previous 3 months
• smokers as well as ex-smokers

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
HP+	No intervention was applied	Subjects with plasma Triglyceride or Total cholesterol levels \> 200 mg/dl and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels \> 130 mg/dl were included in the hyperlipidemic group and having periodontitis which were further evaluated for clinical periodontal parameters as well as to define the effects of the patient's habits on plasma lipid levels.
HP-	No intervention was applied	Subjects with plasma Triglyceride or Total cholesterol levels \> 200 mg/dl and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels \> 130 mg/dl were included in the hyperlipidemic group and do not have periodontitis which were further evaluated for clinical periodontal parameters as well as to define the effects of the patient's habits on plasma lipid levels.
NP+	No intervention was applied	Subjects with plasma Triglyceride or Total cholesterol levels \< 200 mg/dl and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels \< 130 mg/dl were included in the normolipidemic group and having periodontitis which were further evaluated for clinical periodontal parameters as well as to define the effects of the patient's habits on plasma lipid levels.
NP-	No intervention was applied	Subjects with plasma Triglyceride or Total cholesterol levels \< 200 mg/dl and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels \< 130 mg/dl were included in the normolipidemic group and do not have periodontitis which were further evaluated for clinical periodontal parameters as well as to define the effects of the patient's habits on plasma lipid levels.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Total cholesterol (TC)	day 0	Subjects with plasma TG or TC levels \> 200 mg/dl and LDL-C levels \> 130 mg/dl were included in the hyperlipidemic group, while the normolipidemic group comprised of patients with plasma TG or TC levels below the aforementioned limits
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)	day 0	Subjects with plasma TG or TC levels \> 200 mg/dl and LDL-C levels \> 130 mg/dl were included in the hyperlipidemic group, while the normolipidemic group comprised of patients with plasma TG or TC levels below the aforementioned limits
Triglyceride (TG)	day 0	Subjects with plasma TG or TC levels \> 200 mg/dl and LDL-C levels \> 130 mg/dl were included in the hyperlipidemic group, while the normolipidemic group comprised of patients with plasma TG or TC levels below the aforementioned limits

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Clinical attachment level	day 0	The distance between the cemento-enamel junction and bottom of the pocket
Gingival index	day 0	An assessment level of gingival health and inflammation
Bleeding on probing	day 0	A sign of gingival inflammation were assessed on the buccal, lingual, mesial and distal sites of each tooth
Plaque index	day 0	The measurement of the state of oral hygiene based on recording dental plaque accumulation
Probing depth	day 0	The distance from the gingival margin to bottom of the pocket with using 0.5 mm diameter periodontal probe at mesiobuccal, midbuccal, distobuccal, distolingual, midlingual and mesiolingual sites of each tooth
Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs score	day 0	These scores are used to represent healthy periodontium, bleeding after probing, dental calculus detected by probing, 4-5 mm deep pockets and deep pockets ≥ 6 mm, respectively.