The Effect of Continuous Sipping of a Glucose Solution on Markers of Oxidation in Men and Women

Not Applicable

Completed

Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Glucose sipping
Dietary Supplement: Glucose bolus plus 1g vitamin C
Dietary Supplement: Glucose sipping plus 1g vitamin C
Dietary Supplement: glucose bolus

Brief Summary: The objective of this study is to determine the effect of reducing the rate of glucose absorption on oxidative stress after eating and to compare it with the effects of vitamin C. The hypothesis is that reducing the rate of glucose absorption will reduce oxidative stress to a similar extent as 1g vitamin C.

Detailed Description: Recently, much attention has been paid to evidence that abnormalities of the postprandial state (hyperglycemia) are important contributing factors to the development of chronic disease. This attention has increased interest in the role low glycemic index (GI) foods could potentially play in preventing postprandial oxidative burst/stress. GI is a means by which to categorize carbohydrate according to their postprandial glycemic response. Low GI foods promote slow intestinal absorption, prolonged and less pronounced postprandial glycemia, may decrease risk of chronic disease, as well as provide metabolic benefit to people living with glucose abnormalities as well as those with normal glucose. Few studies have been conducted looking at the potential relationship between GI and oxidation and are limited by dietary/lifestyle confounders. The proposed study has been developed to eliminate these confounders. Hypotheses (3): 1. Sipping glucose slowly over 3h will result in less oxidative stress than ingesting the same amount of glucose as a bolus over 5min. 2. Sipping glucose will reduce oxidative stress to the same extent as 1g of oral vitamin C. 3. The effect of sipping glucose on oxidative stress will occur sooner than that of vitamin C.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Glucose sipping alone	Glucose sipping	50g glucose dissolved in water and consumed gradually over 3 hours.
Glucose bolus plus 1g vitamin C	Glucose bolus plus 1g vitamin C	50g glucose dissolved in water and consumed in 5 minutes with 1g vitamin C
Glucose sipping plus 1g vitamin C	Glucose sipping plus 1g vitamin C	50g glucose dissolved in water and consumed gradually of 3 hours. In addition 1g vitamin C will be taken with the first mouthful of glucose solution.
Glucose bolus alone	glucose bolus	50g glucose dissolved in water and consumed within 5 minutes.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Incremental Area Under the Curve over 4 hours in serum TRAP (total peroxyl radical-trapping potential)	Four (4) hours after starting to eat the test meal.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change over 6 hours from baseline in Plasma glucose	Baseline and 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 270, 300 and 360min
Change over 6 hours from baseline in Plasma insulin	Baseline and 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 270, 300 and 360min
Change over 6 hours from baseline in Plasma free-fatty acids	Baseline and hourly for 6h
Change over 6 hours from baseline in Serum vitamin C	Baseline and 2, 4 and 6h
Change over 6 hours from baseline in C-reactive protein	Baseline and 2, 4 and 6h
Change over 6 hours from baseline in Blood pressure	Baseline and 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6h
Change over 6 hours from baseline in Pulse	Baseline and 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6h
Change over 6 hours from baseline in Pulse pressure	Baseline and 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6h
Change over 6 hours from baseline in Augmentation index	Baseline and 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6h
Change over 6 hours from baseline in Oxidized LDL	Baseline and hourly for 6hr
Change from baseline in serum TRAP over 6 hours	Baseline and 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 270, 300 and 360min

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