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Preoperative Lugol's Solution in Graves' Disease and Toxic Nodular Goiter

Phase 3
Recruiting
Conditions
Hyperthyroidism
Interventions
Drug: Iodine-Potassium Iodide 5%-10% Oral and Topical Solution
Registration Number
NCT04856488
Lead Sponsor
Jan Calissendorff
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to assess if preoperative treatment with Lugol's solution prior to thyroidectomy can reduce the surgical complications hypoparathyroidism and laryngeal nerve palsy

Detailed Description

Current practice in Sweden before thyroidectomy due to hyperthyroidism is preoperative treatment with antithyroid drugs (ATD) to all patients with Graves' disease and in cases of toxic nodular goiter with pronounced hyperthyroidism. Iodine solution is administered preoperatively in selected cases of Graves' disease where ATD is intolerable. In the cases where iodine is used it is in the form of extemporaneous prepared iodine potassium iodide solution (Lugol 5%). The dose varies in clinical studies. In American and Swedish guidelines the dose is 5-10 drops 3 times per day for 10 days prior to surgery. American guidelines recommend iodine as preoperative treatment i Graves' disease but this is based on sparse evidence. Iodine as preoperative treatment in toxic nodular goiter has yet not been studied.

The purpose of this study is to assess if preoperative treatment with Lugol's solution prior to thyroidectomy due to hyperthyroidism reduce the surgical complications hypoparathyroidism and laryngeal nerve palsy.

Before including toxic nodular goiters accepted for surgery, a pilot study will be performed on 20 patients with toxic nodular goiter. They will receive Lugol solution 3 times per day for ten days and thyroid hormone levels will be measured day 0, day 3-4, day 6-7 and after 10 days of Lugol treatment. Heart rate assessed and ThyPRO39 filled out before and after treatment.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
182
Inclusion Criteria
  • Hyperthyroidism accepted for thyroidectomy due to toxic nodular goiter with free T4 <30 pmol/L or Graves' disease
  • Signed informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Unstable coronary artery disease
  • Previous thyroid surgery
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Renal insufficiency
  • Hepatic failure
  • Current infection
  • Treatment with steroids or anticoagulants
  • Thyroid associated orbitopathy CAS > 2
  • Diabetes mellitus type 1
  • Active cancer
  • Severe psychiatric illness
  • Amiodarone treatment
  • Pregnancy
  • Breast feeding
  • Women of child bearing potential not using contraceptive
  • Inability to comprehend the meaning of the study
  • Iodine hypersensitivity

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Iodine Potassium Iodide solutionIodine-Potassium Iodide 5%-10% Oral and Topical SolutionParticipants receive Iodine Potassium Iodide solution oral drops 3 times per day for 10 Days prior to thyroidectomy in addition to standard preoperative treatment
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Temporary hypoparathyroidism1 month postoperatively

Numbers of participants with signs of hypoparathyroidism measured as hypocalcemia, low parathormone (PTH), supplementation with per oral vitamin D or calcium.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Temporary laryngeal nerve palsy1 month postoperatively

Number of patients with postoperative signs of vocal chord damage via clinical assessment or laryngoscopy.

Permanent laryngeal nerve palsy6 months postoperatively

Number of patients with postoperative signs of vocal chord damage via clinical assessment or laryngoscopy.

Permanent hypoparathyroidism6 months postoperatively

Numbers of participants with signs of hypoparathyroidism measured as hypocalcemia, low PTH, supplementation with per oral vitamin D or calcium.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital

🇸🇪

Solna, Stockholm, Sweden

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