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OCT Versus Angiography for Culprit Lesion Revascularization in Acute Myocardial Infarction PatiEnts

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Myocardial Infarction
Interventions
Procedure: Optical coherence tomography-guided PCI group
Procedure: Angiography-guided PCI group
Registration Number
NCT06227754
Lead Sponsor
Chonnam National University Hospital
Brief Summary

The aim of the study is to compare clinical outcomes between optical coherence tomography-guided versus angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Detailed Description

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a standard treatment for significantly stenotic lesion of coronary arteries, especially in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) where timely reperfusion is important. Traditionally, visual assessment by coronary angiography has been the main tool to identify coronary artery disease and guide revascularization. However, it is known that angiography alone is unable to adequately evaluate significance of stenotic lesion or optimization status of the stent, and that angiography suffers from high intra- and interobserver variability. Thus, methods for intracoronary imaging and/or physiology have been developed to aid these limitations.

During the PCI procedure, intravascular imaging devices such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) are useful tools for providing information on lesion characteristics and optimal stent implantation with regard to appropriate reference segment, stent expansion, stent apposition, and possible acute complications. Therefore, intravascular imaging guidance may improve clinical outcomes after complex PCI. However, although previous randomized controlled trial and registries showed significantly lower rates of major adverse clinical events following IVUS-guided PCI compared with angiography-guided PCI, the randomized controlled trials were limited with small sample size and dealt with very selected lesion subsets such as chronic total occlusion (CTO) or long lesions. Moreover, although some studies observed similar clinical outcomes between IVUS-guided PCI and OCT-guided PCI, it is uncertain whether OCT-guided PCI improves clinical outcomes compared with angiography-guided PCI.

Currently, randomized controlled trial to support beneficial impact of OCT-guided PCI, especially in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is lacking. One randomized clinical trial in 2016 with 240 non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients have reported higher postprocedural fractional flow reserve and similar incidence of major adverse cardiac events with the use of OCT compared to angiography alone, but this study mostly focused on immediate physiologic findings of OCT-guided PCI and only demonstrated clinical outcomes on short-term follow-up. Although the ILUMIEN IV trial evaluated efficacy of OCT-guided PCI among high risk patients including lesions were considered to be responsible for a recent myocardial infarction, there was no apparent difference in the target-vessel failure at 2 years. There is no randomized controlled trial that can provide information on its long-term clinical impact, and current clinical guidelines puts OCT on Class 2a recommendation as an alternative for IVUS, with the exception of ostial left main disease.

In this regard, randomized controlled trial comparing clinical outcome following PCI in patients with AMI where procedural optimization is performed under OCT-guidance or angiography alone would provide valuable evidence to enhance prognosis after treatment of AMI. Therefore, FRAME-AMI 3 trial has been designed to compare clinical outcomes after PCI for infarct-related artery using either OCT-guided or angiography-guided strategy.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
1500
Inclusion Criteria
  • Subject must be at least 19 years of age

  • Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)

    *STEMI: ST-segment elevation ≥0.1 mV in ≥2 contiguous leads or documented newly developed left bundle-branch block1

  • Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in < 12 h after the onset of symptoms for STEMI patients

  • Subject is able to verbally confirm understandings of risks, benefits and treatment alternatives of receiving invasive physiologic evaluation and PCI and he/she or his/her legally authorized representative provides written informed consent prior to any study related procedure.

Exclusion Criteria
  • Target lesions not amenable for PCI by operators' decision
  • Ostial lesions located in left main vessel or right coronary artery (left main body or distal bifurcation lesions can be enrolled by operator's discretion)
  • Creatinine clearance ≤30 ml/min/1.73 m2 and not on dialysis (chronic dialysis dependent patients are eligible for enrolment regardless of creatinine clearance)
  • Cardiogenic shock (Killip class IV) at presentation
  • Intolerance to Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Prasugrel, Ticagrelor, Heparin, or Everolimus
  • Known true anaphylaxis to contrast medium (not allergic reaction but anaphylactic shock)
  • Pregnancy or breast feeding
  • Non-cardiac co-morbid conditions are present with life expectancy <2 year or that may result in protocol non-compliance (per site investigator's medical judgment)
  • Unwillingness or inability to comply with the procedures described in this protocol

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Optical coherence tomography-guided PCIOptical coherence tomography-guided PCI groupUse of OCT will be allowed at any step of PCI (pre-PCI, during PCI and post-PCI), but OCT after stent implantation will be mandatory. In this group, the recommendations for selecting reference segment, selecting appropriate size of stent, and stent optimization are as follows. OPTIS imaging catheter (Abbott Vascular) will be used for the imaging arm according to MLD MAX algorithm.
Angiography-guided PCIAngiography-guided PCI groupThe PCI procedure in this group will be performed as standard procedure.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Target vessel failure2 years after last patient enrollment

a composite of cardiac death, target-vessel myocardial infarction, clinically-driven target-vessel repeat revascularization, definite or probable stent thrombosis

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Cardiac death2 years after last patient enrollment

Cardiac death

Rate of spontaneous myocardial infarction2 years after last patient enrollment

Spontaneous myocardial infarction, defined by Forth Universal definition of myocardial infarction

Rate of procedure-related myocardial infarction2 years after last patient enrollment

Procedure-related myocardial infarction, defined by ARC II definition

Total fluoroscopy timeat least 1 week after index procedure

Total fluoroscopy time (primary PCI to end of the procedure including amount of staged procedure)

Total amount of contrast useat least 1 week after index procedure

Total amount of contrast use (primary PCI to end of the procedure including amount of staged procedure)

Incidence of contrast-induced nephropathyat least 1 week after index procedure

Incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy, defined as an increase in serum creatinine of ≥0.5mg/dL or ≥25% from baseline within 48-72 hours after contrast agent exposure.

All-cause death2 years after last patient enrollment

All-cause death

Rate of any revascularization2 years after last patient enrollment

Any revascularization (clinically-driven or ischemia-driven)

Rate of target vessel revascularization2 years after last patient enrollment

Target vessel revascularization

Rate of any myocardial infarction2 years after last patient enrollment

Any myocardial infarction, defined by Forth Universal definition of myocardial infarction

Rate of stent thrombosis2 years after last patient enrollment

Definite or probable stent thrombosis, defined by ARC II definition

Total procedural timeat least 1 week after index procedure

Total procedural time (primary PCI to end of the procedure including amount of staged procedure)

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Chonnam National University

🇰🇷

Gwangju, Korea, Republic of

Samsung Medical Center

🇰🇷

Seoul, Korea, Republic of

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