A Phase III Trial of Perioperative Versus Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Resectable Pancreatic Cancer
Overview
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Intervention
- Oxaliplatin
- Conditions
- Pancreatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma
- Sponsor
- Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology
- Enrollment
- 358
- Locations
- 896
- Primary Endpoint
- Overall survival (OS)
- Status
- Active, Not Recruiting
- Last Updated
- 2 months ago
Overview
Brief Summary
This phase III trial compares perioperative chemotherapy (given before and after surgery) versus adjuvant chemotherapy (given after surgery) for the treatment of pancreatic cancer that can be removed by surgery (removable/resectable). Chemotherapy drugs, such as fluorouracil, irinotecan, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving chemotherapy before and after surgery (perioperatively) may work better in treating patients with pancreatic cancer compared to giving chemotherapy after surgery (adjuvantly).
Detailed Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To evaluate and compare overall survival (OS) in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with perioperative fluorouracil, irinotecan hydrochloride, leucovorin calcium and oxaliplatin (modified \[m\]FOLFIRINOX) and surgery versus up-front surgery followed by adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To evaluate and compare disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with perioperative mFOLFIRINOX and surgery versus up-front surgery followed by adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX. II. To evaluate and compare time to locoregional recurrence (TLR) in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with perioperative mFOLFIRINOX and surgery versus up-front surgery followed by adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX. III. To evaluate and compare time to distant metastases (TDM) in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with perioperative mFOLFIRINOX and surgery versus up-front surgery followed by adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX. IV. To evaluate and compare the R0 resection rate in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with perioperative mFOLFIRINOX and surgery versus up-front surgery followed by adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX. V. To evaluate and compare rate of unresectability in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with perioperative mFOLFIRINOX and surgery versus up-front surgery followed by adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX. VI. To evaluate rate of pathologic complete response in patients randomized to the perioperative therapy arm. VII. To evaluate and compare mFOLFIRINOX dose intensity delivered and number of cycles received in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with perioperative mFOLFIRINOX and surgery versus up-front surgery followed by adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX. VIII. To evaluate and compare adverse event profile in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with perioperative mFOLFIRINOX and surgery versus up-front surgery followed by adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX. IX. To compare physical functioning, nausea/vomiting, and diarrhea, as measured with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) between patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with perioperative mFOLFIRINOX and surgery versus up-front surgery followed by adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX. X. To prospectively assess the influence of diet, body mass index, weight loss, physical activity, and other lifestyle habits on the disease-free survival and overall survival among patients with localized pancreatic cancers. XI. To assess the influence of diet, obesity, physical activity, and other lifestyle habits on the risk of toxicity associated with chemotherapy. XII. To evaluate the ability of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics in distinguishing post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) fibrosis from viable tumor in patients randomized to the perioperative therapy arm. XIII. To determine whether CT-based radiomics retrieved from baseline examination may act as non-invasive predictors of survival outcome in patients randomized to the adjuvant therapy arm. OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms. ARM I: Patients receive oxaliplatin intravenously (IV) over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 2-8 weeks of completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, patients undergo surgical resection. Patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ARM II: Patients undergo surgical resection. Beginning 3-12 weeks after surgery, patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for 6 years.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •PRE-REGISTRATION:
- •Pathology: Histologic or cytologic proof of pancreatic adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma
- •TNM Stage: Tx-4, N0-1, M0 (M0 disease does not include spread to distant lymph nodes and organs)
- •Resectable Primary Tumor: Local radiographic reading must be consistent with resectable disease defined as the following on 1) arterial and venous phase contrast-enhanced abdominal/pelvic CT scan or abdominal/pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and 2) chest CT:
- •No involvement or abutment of the celiac artery, common hepatic artery, superior mesenteric artery, or replaced right hepatic artery (if applicable)
- •Less than 180 degree interface between tumor and vessel wall of the portal vein or superior mesenteric vein, and patent portal vein/splenic vein confluence
- •No evidence of metastatic disease
- •Measurable disease or non-measurable disease o Non-measurable disease is defined as cytologic or histologic confirmation of adenocarcinoma of adenosquamous carcinoma by fine needle aspiration or core-biopsy of the pancreas without measurable disease by radiographic imaging
- •REGISTRATION:
- •Confirmation of resectable disease by real-time central imaging review by the Alliance Imaging Core Lab at Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core (IROC) Ohio
Exclusion Criteria
- Not provided
Arms & Interventions
Arm I (perioperative chemotherapy, surgery)
Patients receive oxaliplatin intravenously (IV) over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 2-8 weeks of completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, patients undergo surgical resection. Patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Oxaliplatin
Arm I (perioperative chemotherapy, surgery)
Patients receive oxaliplatin intravenously (IV) over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 2-8 weeks of completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, patients undergo surgical resection. Patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Irinotecan Hydrochloride
Arm I (perioperative chemotherapy, surgery)
Patients receive oxaliplatin intravenously (IV) over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 2-8 weeks of completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, patients undergo surgical resection. Patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Leucovorin Calcium
Arm I (perioperative chemotherapy, surgery)
Patients receive oxaliplatin intravenously (IV) over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 2-8 weeks of completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, patients undergo surgical resection. Patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Fluorouracil
Arm I (perioperative chemotherapy, surgery)
Patients receive oxaliplatin intravenously (IV) over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 2-8 weeks of completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, patients undergo surgical resection. Patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Resection
Arm I (perioperative chemotherapy, surgery)
Patients receive oxaliplatin intravenously (IV) over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 2-8 weeks of completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, patients undergo surgical resection. Patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Questionnaire Administration
Arm II (surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy)
Patients undergo surgical resection. Beginning 3-12 weeks after surgery, patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Oxaliplatin
Arm II (surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy)
Patients undergo surgical resection. Beginning 3-12 weeks after surgery, patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Irinotecan Hydrochloride
Arm II (surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy)
Patients undergo surgical resection. Beginning 3-12 weeks after surgery, patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Leucovorin Calcium
Arm II (surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy)
Patients undergo surgical resection. Beginning 3-12 weeks after surgery, patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Fluorouracil
Arm II (surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy)
Patients undergo surgical resection. Beginning 3-12 weeks after surgery, patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Resection
Arm II (surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy)
Patients undergo surgical resection. Beginning 3-12 weeks after surgery, patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention: Questionnaire Administration
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Overall survival (OS)
Time Frame: Time between randomization and death from any cause, assessed up to 6 years.
Overall survival is defined as the time from randomization to death due to any cause. The median and 95% confidence intervals are estimated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. The treatment arms will be compared using a stratified Cox regression model, and hazard ratios from each arm will be estimated.
Secondary Outcomes
- Disease-free survival (DFS)(Time between randomization and progression prior to surgery, metastases detected during surgery, recurrence (locoregional and/or distant) after resection, and death due to all causes, assessed up to 6 years.)
- Time to locoregional recurrence (TLR)(Time between randomization and locoregional recurrence after resection, assessed up to 6 years.)
- Time to distant metastases (TDM)(Time between randomization and metastases prior to surgery, metastases detected during surgery, or distant recurrence after resection, assessed up to 6 years.)
- R0 resection rate(At time of surgery.)
- Rate of unresectability(At time of surgery or planned time of surgery.)
- Pathologic complete response (pCR) rate(At time of surgery.)
- Incidence of adverse events (AEs), assessed using National Cancer Institute (NCI) common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) version 5.0 (v5.0)(Up to 2 years.)
- Fluorouracil, irinotecan hydrochloride, leucovorin calcium, and oxaliplatin (modified [m]FOLFIRINOX) dose intensity delivered(8 months)
- Fluorouracil, irinotecan hydrochloride, leucovorin calcium and oxaliplatin (modified [m]FOLFIRINOX) number of cycles received(8 months)
- Quality of life as assessed by the physical functioning, nausea/vomiting, and diarrhea subscales in the Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30)(8 weeks)
- Influence of diet, body mass index, weight loss, physical activity, and other lifestyle habits on overall survival(Time between randomization and death from any cause, assessed up to 6 years.)
- Influence of diet, body mass index, weight loss, physical activity, and other lifestyle habits on disease-free survival (DFS)(Time between randomization and progression prior to surgery, metastases detected during surgery, recurrence (locoregional and/or distant) after resection, and death due to all causes, assessed up to 6 years.)
- Influence of diet, body mass index, weight loss, physical activity, and other lifestyle habits on the risk of grade 3+ adverse event associated with chemotherapy(Up to 2 years.)
- The ability of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics to distinguish post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) fibrosis from viable tumor as measured by comparison to histological evaluation(At time of surgery.)
- Computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics as non-invasive predictors of overall survival(Time between randomization and death from any cause, assessed up to 6 years.)