Upper-body High-intensity Interval Training and Mixed Meal Responses

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: High-Intensity Interval Training
• Interventions: Other: High-intensity interval training; Other: Moderate-intensity continuos training

• Registration Number: NCT04277091
• Lead Sponsor: University of Bath

Brief Summary

Cycling and running-based high-intensity interval training are well-established to improve a variety of health outcomes. However, the efficacy of upper-body high-intensity interval training, vital for individuals with lower-body impairments, has yet to be well-characterized. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of a single bout of upper-body high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) in comparison to traditional moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on the blood response (e.g. glucose, insulin, fats) following a meal.

This study is recruiting able-bodied adults (aged 18-65 years). Participants will need to attend the laboratory at the University of Bath for two preliminary sessions, and three main study trials.

Detailed Description

The aim of this research is to determine the metabolic responses to a mixed-meal tolerance test following an acute bout of HIIE and an energy-matched MICE bout in able-bodied persons. The hypothesis is that HIIE and MICE will be more effective at reducing the total triglyceride responses compared to a resting control condition.

Preliminary measurements:

Preliminary testing will include measurements of weight and height. There will also be an assessment of resting metabolic rate and maximal exercise capacity. On a second visit, a HIIE familiarisation session will be performed to determine total energy expenditure of the session. All of the exercise protocols will take place on an arm crank ergometer at the University of Bath.

Main trial days:

Before all main trials, participants will be asked to refrain from performing any strenuous physical activity in the 48-h prior (i.e. day 0 and 1) and consuming alcohol/caffeine in the 24-h prior (i.e. day 1). On day 1, participants will be asked to record/replicate their diet using a weighed food-diary. Participants will be asked perform exercise (HIIE and MICE only) at 18:00 on day 1, having consumed no food (other than plain water) from 14:00. They will be given a standardised dinner to eat at 20:00, and asked to avoid the ingestion of any further food (other than plain water) for the rest of the evening.

On day 2 and upon arrival to the laboratory, a cannula will be inserted into a vein, and a baseline blood sample and expired air sample will be taken. The participant will then be asked to consume a smoothie, consisting of peanut butter, banana, coconut oil, sugar, and chocolate-flavoured whey protein powder. The meal should be consumed within 10 minutes and blood samples will be taken from the cannula at 15, 30, 45 60, and 90 minutes and then at every hour for 5 hours after consumption of the meal to monitor changes in metabolic markers. Expired gas samples will also be taken hourly and indirect calorimetry will be used to estimate relative fat and carbohydrate metabolism in response to the meal.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2019-10-21
• Study First Submitted: 2020-02-10
• Study First Submitted QC: 2020-02-18
• Study First Posted: 2020-02-20
• Primary Completion: 2021-01-01
• Study Completion: 2021-01-01
• Status Verified: 2022-07
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-07-26
• Last Update Posted: 2022-07-27

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 11

Inclusion Criteria

• Non-smoker
• No history of cardiovascular, metabolic, or neuromuscular disease

Exclusion Criteria

• Individuals with a nut allergy

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
High-intensity interval exercise	High-intensity interval training	10 x 60 s intervals at 80% peak power output (interspersed with 60 s recovery intervals at 10% peak power output)
Moderate-intensity continous exercise	Moderate-intensity continuos training	50% peak power output (duration determined to elicit same energy expenditure as high-intensity interval exercise condition)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Postprandial triglyceride concentrations	5 hours	Postprandial triglyceride concentrations in serum samples

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Heart Rate	HIIE: End of Warm-Up, 8 min, 12 min, 16 min, 20 min, 24 min. MICE: 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100% through exercise session (exact time points dependent on exercise time for each participant)	Heart rate during exercise
Self-efficacy	30 min post-exercise	Confidence in ability to perform exercise performed during trial in the next 4 weeks measured using a 5-item scale ranging from 0% ("Not at all" to 100% ("Extremely confident").
Postprandial insulin concentrations	5 hours	Postprandial insulin concentrations in serum samples
Rating of Perceived Exertion	HIIE: End of Warm-Up, 8 min, 12 min, 16 min, 20 min, 24 min. MICE: 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100% through exercise session (exact time points dependent on exercise time for each participant)	Global, central, and local rating of perceived exertion (6-20) during exercise
Postprandial glucose concentrations	5 hours	Postprandial glucose concentrations in serum samples
Affect	HIIE: End of Warm-Up, 8 min, 12 min, 16 min, 20 min, 24 min. MICE: 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100% through exercise session (exact time points dependent on exercise time for each participant)	Affect measured through the Feeling Scale (FS) during exercise. FS is a one item scale ranging from +5 ("Very good") to -5 ("Very bad").
Postprandial substrate oxidation	5 hours	Postprandial substrate oxidation determined by indirect calorimetry
Exercise Enjoyment	30 min post-exercise	Enjoyment measured by the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). PACES is a 17-item scale, with each item scored from 1 to 7. The total score will be calculated.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department for Health; 🇬🇧 Bath, United Kingdom