Acute Kidney Outreach to Reduce Deterioration and Death (AKORDD)

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury
• Interventions: Other: Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause; Other: Rapid treatment of AKI cause; Other: Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs; Other: Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI; Other: Preventing recurrent AKI; Other: Good standard care

• Registration Number: NCT02398682
• Lead Sponsor: Heart of England NHS Trust

Brief Summary

The study pilots an outreach service for Acute kidney injury (AKI) patients, based on electronic alerts. Using the alerts we will contact the primary clinician caring for the patient with AKI in the Intervention group. The study has a control group of patients receiving good standard care, but without Outreach. The aim is to reduce morbidity and mortality in the syndrome, and also to reduce healthcare costs.

Detailed Description

Lay summary:

About one in six hospital inpatients suffer Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), also called acute renal failure. About a third of patients with AKI die. The large majority of patients with AKI are managed by doctors who are not kidney experts. Effective AKI advice and treatments are available but not currently integrated into routine care. A recent National review of the care of patients who died from AKI showed poor management of many patients. Early diagnosis of AKI can avoid complications, dialysis (which affects the quality of life of patients, and is costly) or death. AKI is diagnosed by a change in a blood test. We have developed computer software to diagnose AKI earlier. It sends a warning or 'Alert' about the test to our team of kidney experts. We will further develop the settings of the Alert system. It needs to send an Alert for the right patients. We will also study the best way to make clinicians pay attention to their patients who are developing AKI. When our expert Outreach team receive an Alert, they will call the doctor or nurse looking after the patient with AKI. We will advise on the best treatment for that patient, to reduce their risk of death, dialysis and other complications. We will do a pilot study in one large hospital, to further develop the system, and check it reduces the risk of death or complications from AKI. We will use this work to develop a larger trial of this new system of care for patients with AKI in different hospitals. This will convince the wider NHS of the need to change, and show how to prevent or reduce AKI. Ultimately we aim to improve patients' lives by reducing avoidable death and illness from AKI , and also save the NHS money.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2014-10
• Study First Submitted: 2015-03-20
• Study First Submitted QC: 2015-03-24
• Study First Posted: 2015-03-25
• Primary Completion: 2017-05-31
• Study Completion: 2017-05-31
• Status Verified: 2018-02
• Last Update Submitted: 2018-02-23
• Last Update Posted: 2018-02-26

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 1865

Inclusion Criteria

• adult patients with an Alert for AKI issued in accordance with the national algorithm for AKI alerts (NHS England)
• AKI stage 2 or 3 (this criterion is under review during the preparatory phase of the study)

Exclusion Criteria

• patients already on dialysis for AKI at the time of alert
• patients with End stage renal disease
• patients <18 years of age
• patients with no evidence of AKI on review of the automated Alert
• patients dissenting from participation according to the Ethics application

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
After study Intervention arm Heartlands	Good standard care	The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 3. After/Heartlands area patients receiving the experimental intervention Patients who have AKI and are either inpatients in the Intervention hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area are eligible. The intervention will be in the form of a telephone call to the primary clinician or visit to the patient. The intervention will include: Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause; Rapid treatment of AKI cause; Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs; Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI survivors; and preventing recurrent AKI.
Before study Good Hope area	Good standard care	The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 2. Before/Good Hope area patients observed whilst receiving active comparator Patients who have AKI, as shown by having an Alert for such, and are either inpatients in Good Hope Hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area. These patients will receive good standard care (active comparator), but none of the interventions listed for the Intervention group.
After study Intervention arm Heartlands	Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs	The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 3. After/Heartlands area patients receiving the experimental intervention Patients who have AKI and are either inpatients in the Intervention hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area are eligible. The intervention will be in the form of a telephone call to the primary clinician or visit to the patient. The intervention will include: Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause; Rapid treatment of AKI cause; Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs; Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI survivors; and preventing recurrent AKI.
After study Intervention arm Heartlands	Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause	The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 3. After/Heartlands area patients receiving the experimental intervention Patients who have AKI and are either inpatients in the Intervention hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area are eligible. The intervention will be in the form of a telephone call to the primary clinician or visit to the patient. The intervention will include: Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause; Rapid treatment of AKI cause; Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs; Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI survivors; and preventing recurrent AKI.
After study Intervention arm Heartlands	Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI	The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 3. After/Heartlands area patients receiving the experimental intervention Patients who have AKI and are either inpatients in the Intervention hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area are eligible. The intervention will be in the form of a telephone call to the primary clinician or visit to the patient. The intervention will include: Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause; Rapid treatment of AKI cause; Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs; Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI survivors; and preventing recurrent AKI.
After study Intervention arm Heartlands	Preventing recurrent AKI	The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 3. After/Heartlands area patients receiving the experimental intervention Patients who have AKI and are either inpatients in the Intervention hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area are eligible. The intervention will be in the form of a telephone call to the primary clinician or visit to the patient. The intervention will include: Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause; Rapid treatment of AKI cause; Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs; Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI survivors; and preventing recurrent AKI.
After study Intervention arm Heartlands	Rapid treatment of AKI cause	The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 3. After/Heartlands area patients receiving the experimental intervention Patients who have AKI and are either inpatients in the Intervention hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area are eligible. The intervention will be in the form of a telephone call to the primary clinician or visit to the patient. The intervention will include: Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause; Rapid treatment of AKI cause; Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs; Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI survivors; and preventing recurrent AKI.
Before study Heartlands area	Good standard care	The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 1. Before/Heartlands area patients observed whilst receiving active comparator Patients who have AKI, as shown by having an Alert for such, and are either inpatients in Heartlands Hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area. These patients will receive good standard care (active comparator), but none of the interventions listed for the Intervention group.
After study Control arm Good Hope	Good standard care	The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 4. After/Good Hope area patients observed whilst receiving active comparator Patients who have AKI, as shown by having an Alert for such, and are either inpatients in Good Hope Hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area. These patients will receive good standard care (active comparator), but none of the interventions listed for the Intervention group.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Composite measure of participants not alive, need for dialysis, or progression of AKI stage	within 30 days	Combined endpoint

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Heart of England hospital NHS trust; 🇬🇧 Birmingham, Midlands, United Kingdom