Self-Affirmation in the Context of Stigma-Induced Identity Threat Among Smokers
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 1,100
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Quit Intentions
研究概览
简要总结
This trial uses an online survey to study smoking attitudes and behaviors among current smokers. An online survey consisting of questions about general demographics, smoking history, smoking attitudes, smoking behaviors, smoking intentions, health and qualities of daily life may help researchers understand the differences in smoking attitudes and behaviors among current smokers.
详细描述
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To examine if self-affirmation attenuates the effects of cigarette smoking stigmatization on smoking risk perceptions, pro-smoking beliefs, and intentions to change smoking behavior.
OUTLINE:
Participants are recruited and pre-screened via an online crowdsourcing program called Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Participants then respond to a one-time research survey over 20 minutes on SurveyGizmo, an on-line survey software platform.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Cohort
- 时间视角
- Prospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •United States (US) adult smokers.
排除标准
- 未提供
结局指标
主要结局
Quit Intentions
时间窗: At the time of survey response within approximately 20 minutes
Single item assessed intentions to quit smoking, 'Are you considering quitting smoking during the next 6 months?' from the 2014-2015 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (1=yes, plan to stop within the next 30 days; 2=yes, plan to stop within the next 6 months, but not within 30 days; 3=no, not thinking of quitting in the next 6 months; U.S. Census Bureau, 2016). Response options were reverse scored so that higher scores indicated greater intentions to quit.
Intentions to Seek Cessation Counseling
时间窗: At the time of survey response within approximately 20 minutes
How likely is it that in the next 6 months you will seek counseling/support to help you quit smoking? Response options were 1 (not at all likely) to 5 (extremely likely).
Positive Cognitions About Smoking
时间窗: At the time of survey response within approximately 20 minutes.
Five items assessed positive cognitions about smoking (Fotuhi et al., 2013). Response options were 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Items were averaged to create a composite measure of self-exempting beliefs with excellent interitem reliability, α = .91.
Intentions to Switch Completely to E-cigarettes
时间窗: At the time of survey response within approximately 20 minutes
"How likely are you to switch completely from using regular cigarettes to electronic cigarettes in the next 6 months?' 1 (not at all likely) to 5 (extremely likely)
Self-exempting Beliefs
时间窗: At the time of survey response within approximately 20 minutes.
Deterministic beliefs regarding smoking behaviors were evaluated using the 18-item self-exempting beliefs scale (Oakes et al., 2004).Response options were 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Items were averaged to create a composite measure of self-exempting beliefs with excellent interitem reliability, α = .91.
Intentions to Reduce Smoking
时间窗: At the time of survey response within approximately 20 minutes
How likely is it that in the next 6 months that you will reduce the number of cigarettes you smoke in a day? Response options were 1 (not at all likely) to 5 (extremely likely).
次要结局
未报告次要终点