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Effects of Diet and Exercise Interventions on Cardiometabolic Risk Markers, Executive Function, and Intestinal Flora

Not Applicable
Conditions
Executive Function
Intestinal Microbiome
Cardiometabolic Risk
Interventions
Behavioral: Diet
Behavioral: Exercise
Registration Number
NCT04834687
Lead Sponsor
Sun Yat-sen University
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of diet and exercise interventions on body weight, cardiovascular metabolic markers, executive function, and intestinal flora among undergraduate students, as well as the underlying mechanisms.

Detailed Description

In recent decades, unhealthy dietary patterns and insufficiency of physical activity have brought negative effects on human health, such as rapid increasing incidence of obesity, metabolic cardiovascular diseases, and mental disorders. The first line of prevention and therapy for these diseases is proper diet and lifestyle interventions. A series of studies conducted in vivo and vitro have shown that high-fiber diets and time-restricted eating present benefits in weight loss, reducing cardiovascular disease risk, and improving cognitive function. While, there is also a randomized controlled trial do not observe the effects of time-restricted eating on weight loss and decrease of metabolic risks. Meanwhile, few studies have examined the effects of high-fiber diets or time-restricted eating on executive function. Additionally, previous studies on high-fiber diets and time-restricted eating focused on middle-aged or elderly populations with some features of metabolic syndrome, while the effects on healthy young populations are unclear. More importantly, there are a small amount of studies exploring the combined effects of time-restricted eating and physical activity on metabolism and cognitive function. Therefore, our study is to estimate the effects of diet (high-fiber diets and time-restricted eating) and exercise (rope-skipping) interventions on body weight, cardiovascular metabolic markers, executive function, and intestinal flora among undergraduate students, as well as the underlying mechanisms.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
200
Inclusion Criteria
  • First and second year undergraduate students in Sun Yat-sen University.
  • BMI≥22 kg/m^2.
  • Keeping weight stable for 3 months prior to study start (weight fluctuation <5kg).
  • Having the time and volunteering to receive the interventions.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Currently engaged in other weight-loss studies.
  • With high blood pressure, diabetes or other cardiovascular diseases.
  • With secondary obesity induced by medicine or other diseases.
  • Contraindication to exercise.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Diet intervention groupDietParticipants would be required to take part in a diet plan , including a high-fiber diet and time-restricted eating.
Rope-skipping groupExerciseParticipants would be required to take part in an exercise plan, under the instruction and guidance of professional sports teachers.
Combined intervention groupDietParticipants will receive both rope-skipping and diet interventions at the same time.
Combined intervention groupExerciseParticipants will receive both rope-skipping and diet interventions at the same time.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Body weightBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

Body weight change of participants

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Body fat percentageBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

Body fat percentage were measured by body composition analyzers.

Fat massBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

Fat mass (in kg) were measured by body composition analyzers.

Systolic and diastolic blood pressureBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

Sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured with a validated electronic blood pressure monitor (model OMRON,HEM-7124).

Serum lipid levelsBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

Serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides) were analyzed by the enzymatic method.

Fasting plasma glucoseBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

Fasting plasma glucose were analyzed by the glucose oxidase method.

Change in scores on Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning-Adult Version (BRIEF-A)Baseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The executive functions were measured by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) Self-Report Form. Items are rated 1 (never), 2 (sometimes), and 3 (often). There is no range for a total score. Raw scale scores are used to generate T-scores. A reduction in score indicates less impairment.

Change in appetite sensationsBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The appetite sensations were measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS).The VAS consisted of 100-mm lines and participants were required to place a vertical mark across the line corresponding best to their feelings of hunger, satisfaction, and fullness, with the scale ranging from 0 (not at all) to 100 (extremely). Quantification was performed by measuring the distance between the left end of the line and the vertical mark.

High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP)Baseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the serum hs-CRP were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)Baseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the serum ICAM-1 were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)Baseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the serum TNF-alpha were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

Chemokine CCL2Baseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the serum chemokine CCL2 were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

Vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1)Baseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the serum VCAM-1 were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6)Baseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the serum IL-6 were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

Interleukin-8 (IL-8)Baseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the IL-8 were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

LeptinBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the serum leptin were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

Tau proteinBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the serum tau protein were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)Baseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the serum BDNF were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)Baseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

The levels of the serum VEGF were analyzed using the Luminex Human Magnetic Assay kit.

Fasting plasma insulinBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

Fasting plasma glucose were analyzed by the electrochemiluminescence method.

Intestinal floraBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

To measure the change of intestinal flora by analyzing feces genome 16S rDNA.

Circulating metabolomeBaseline (1-2 days before the intervention), right after intervention (12 weeks)

To measure the change of circulating metabolome by LC-MS/MS method.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Maternal and Child Health and Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health and Institute of State Governance, Sun Yatsen University

🇨🇳

Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

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