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A Randomized Prospective Study of Pyrimethamine Therapy for Prevention of Toxoplasmic Encephalitis in HIV-Infected Individuals With Serologic Evidence of Latent Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral
HIV Infections
Registration Number
NCT00000666
Lead Sponsor
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Brief Summary

To evaluate pyrimethamine as a prophylactic agent against toxoplasmic encephalitis in individuals who are coinfected with HIV and latent Toxoplasma gondii.

Toxoplasmic encephalitis is a major cause of illness and death in AIDS patients. Standard treatment for toxoplasmic encephalitis is to combine pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine. Continuous treatment is necessary to prevent recurrence of the disease, but constant use of pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine is associated with toxicity. Clindamycin has been shown to be effective in treatment of toxoplasmic encephalitis in animal studies. This study evaluates pyrimethamine as a preventive treatment against toxoplasmic encephalitis (per 3/26/91 amendment, clindamycin arm was discontinued).

Detailed Description

Toxoplasmic encephalitis is a major cause of illness and death in AIDS patients. Standard treatment for toxoplasmic encephalitis is to combine pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine. Continuous treatment is necessary to prevent recurrence of the disease, but constant use of pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine is associated with toxicity. Clindamycin has been shown to be effective in treatment of toxoplasmic encephalitis in animal studies. This study evaluates pyrimethamine as a preventive treatment against toxoplasmic encephalitis (per 3/26/91 amendment, clindamycin arm was discontinued).

Patients are randomized to receive pyrimethamine or placebo three times a week. All patients must be on aerosolized pentamidine, trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (T/S), or dapsone for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis. Patients will be evaluated bi-weekly for the first month and every other month thereafter for at least 24 months.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
600
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (16)

AIDS Research Consortium of Atlanta

🇺🇸

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Community Consortium of San Francisco

🇺🇸

San Francisco, California, United States

Louisiana Comm AIDS Rsch Prog / Tulane Univ Med

🇺🇸

New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

Comprehensive AIDS Alliance of Detroit

🇺🇸

Detroit, Michigan, United States

Addiction Research and Treatment Corp

🇺🇸

Brooklyn, New York, United States

Harlem AIDS Treatment Group / Harlem Hosp Ctr

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Portland Veterans Adm Med Ctr / Rsch & Education Grp

🇺🇸

Portland, Oregon, United States

Clinical Directors Network of Region II

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Richmond AIDS Consortium

🇺🇸

Richmond, Virginia, United States

Wilmington Hosp / Med Ctr of Delaware

🇺🇸

Wilmington, Delaware, United States

AIDS Research Alliance - Chicago

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Hill Health Corp

🇺🇸

New Haven, Connecticut, United States

Henry Ford Hosp

🇺🇸

Detroit, Michigan, United States

Denver CPCRA / Denver Public Hlth

🇺🇸

Denver, Colorado, United States

Bronx Lebanon Hosp Ctr

🇺🇸

Bronx, New York, United States

North Jersey Community Research Initiative

🇺🇸

Newark, New Jersey, United States

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