The Effect of Dark Chocolate and Cinnamon Sugars on Pain and Anxiety in University Students With Primary Dysmenorrhea

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Primary Dysmenorrhea; Pain; Anxiety

• Registration Number: NCT06976255
• Lead Sponsor: Trakya University

Brief Summary

Aim: In this prospective, randomized controlled study, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dark chocolate and cinnamon sugar on pain and anxiety in university students with primary dysmenorrhea. Design: The prospective, randomized controlled study

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2024-03-30
• Primary Completion: 2024-06-30
• Study Completion: 2025-02-27
• Status Verified: 2025-05
• Study First Submitted: 2025-05-08
• Study First Submitted QC: 2025-05-08
• Study First Posted: 2025-05-16
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-05-19
• Last Update Posted: 2025-05-20

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: Female
• Target Recruitment: 35

Inclusion Criteria

• University students who had not given birth,
• Were between the ages of 18 and 25,
• Had regular menstrual cycles (28±7 days),
• Had menstrual pain severity of 5 or more on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) in the previous month,
• Had primary dysmenorrhea, gave written informed consent,
• Volunteered to participate in the study were included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria

• The study included patients with hearing loss, pelvic pathology, neurological, endocrine or psychiatric disease, and chronic disease such as diabetes mellitus or heart disease, currently taking medication such as antidepressants or oral contraceptives,
• Menstrual irregularities,
• University students who had mental problems that prevented evaluation and cooperation, obesity, malignant condition, pelvic surgery, pregnancy, analgesic use, chocolate and cinnamon allergy,
• Use of any nutritional supplements, medication or non-drug application (reiki, meditation, reflexology, acupressure, etc.) to reduce pain,
• University students who did not volunteer to participate in the study were excluded.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Visual Analog Scale	change from before implamentation patent and after 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months of practice.]	The intensity of menstrual pain will be measured using the VAS, a valid and reliable tool for measuring experimental and clinical pain. The VAS is scored on a horizontal line of 10 cm (0=no pain and 10=worst possible pain)
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory	change from before implamentation patent and after 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months of practice.	There are 40 items in total under two subheadings as State and Trait Anxiety. The Trait Anxiety Scale determines the individual's predisposition to experience anxiety. In the scale consisting of 20 four-point Likert-type questions, items 1, 6, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 are reverse items. In this scale, a minimum score of 20 and a maximum score of 80 can be obtained. While a high score indicates a high level of anxiety, a low score indicates a low level of anxiety

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Bartın University; 🇹🇷 Bartın, Turkey