A Phase 3 Trial of Brentuximab Vedotin(SGN-35) Versus Physician's Choice (Methotrexate or Bexarotene) in Participants With CD30-Positive Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (ALCANZA Study)
- Conditions
- Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell LymphomaMycosis FungoidesCutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
- Interventions
- Registration Number
- NCT01578499
- Lead Sponsor
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to determine objective response rate (ORR), lasting at least 4 months (ORR4), with brentuximab vedotin in participants with cluster of differentiation antigen 30 positive (CD30+) cutaneous T-cell lymphoma \[mycosis fungoides (MF) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL) \]compared to that achieved with therapy in the control arm.
- Detailed Description
The drug being tested in this study is called brentuximab vedotin. Brentuximab vedotin is being tested to treat people who have CD30+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma). This study will look at the overall response of people who took brentuximab vedotin compared to people who took methotrexate or bexarotene as standard care.
The study enrolled 131 patients. Participants will be randomly assigned (by chance, like flipping a coin) to one of the two treatment groups-which will remain undisclosed to the participant and study doctor during the study (unless there is an urgent medical need):
* Methotrexate 5 to 50 mg or Bexarotene 300 mg/m\^2 (as per physician's choice)
* Brentuximab vedotin 1.8 mg/kg
This multicenter trial is being conducted worldwide. The overall time to participate in this study is approximately 6 years. Participants will make multiple visits to the clinic every 12 weeks for a minimum of 24 months after the end of treatment (EOT) visit, and then every 6 months until death, study closure, or 6 years after enrollment of the last participant.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 131
- Voluntary consent form
- Male or female participants 18 years or older with diagnosis of mycosis fungoides (MF) or primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL)
- Participants with pcALCL who have received prior radiation therapy or at least 1 prior systemic therapy; participants with MF who have received at least 1 prior systemic therapy
- Histologically confirmed CD30+ disease by central laboratory assessment and pathology review
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2
- Female participants who are post menopausal, surgically sterile, or agree to practice 2 effective methods of contraception or agree to practice true abstinence, when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the participant
- Male participants who agree to practice effective barrier contraception or agree to practice true abstinence, when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the participant
- Clinical laboratory values as specified in protocol
- A 3-week washout period is required from previous treatments (with the exception of a 12-week washout for antibody-directed or immunoglobulin-based immune therapy, or other monoclonal antibody therapies), unless it is not in the best interest of the patient in the opinion of the investigator. Individual cases should be discussed with the project clinician before enrollment.
- A concurrent diagnosis of systemic ALCL, or other non Hodgkin lymphoma (excluding LyP) or Sezary syndrome or B2 disease
- Participants with cardiovascular conditions specified in protocols
- Participants with history of another primary malignancy not in remission for at least 3 years
- Known active cerebral/meningeal disease, including signs or symptoms of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML);
- Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, hepatitis B or Hepatitis C infection
- Oral retinoid therapy for any indication within 3 weeks of study entry
- Corticosteroid therapy within 3 weeks or immunosuppressive chemotherapy or any antibody-directed or immunoglobulin-based immune therapy (e.g., immunoglobulin replacement, other monoclonal antibody therapies) within 12 weeks of first dose of study drug
- Female participants who are lactating and breastfeeding or have a positive serum pregnancy test during the screening period or a positive urine pregnancy test on Day 1 of any cycle
- Previous receipt of brentuximab vedotin Please note that there are additional inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study center will determine if you meet all of the criteria.
Site personnel will explain the trial in detail and answer any question you may have if you do qualify for the study. You can then decide whether or not you wish to participate. If you do not qualify for the trial, site personnel will explain the reasons.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Methotrexate or Bexarotene Methotrexate Methotrexate 5 to 50 mg, tablets, orally, once weekly (dose adjustment is guided by patient response and toxicity) or Bexarotene 300 mg/m\^2, tablets, orally, once daily with meals for up to 48 weeks. Methotrexate or Bexarotene Bexarotene Methotrexate 5 to 50 mg, tablets, orally, once weekly (dose adjustment is guided by patient response and toxicity) or Bexarotene 300 mg/m\^2, tablets, orally, once daily with meals for up to 48 weeks. Brentuximab vedotin Brentuximab Vedotin Brentuximab vedotin 1.8 mg/kg, intravenous over approximately 30 minutes, once on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle and may continue as monotherapy for up to a total of 16 cycles (48 weeks).
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Percentage of Participants Achieving an Objective Response That Lasts at Least 4 Months (ORR4) Each Cycle until disease progression, death End of treatment (Median overall follow-up 38.8 months) ORR4 was determined by an Independent Review Facility (IRF) based on Global Response Score (GRS) which consisted of a skin assessment by the investigator using the modified severity-weighted assessment tool (mSWAT), nodal and visceral radiographic assessment by an IRF and for the participants with mycosis fungoides (MF) only, detection of circulation Sezary cells. Participants whose first response occurred after the start of subsequent anticancer therapy were excluded. Response Criteria was based on International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas (ISCL), United States Cutaneous Lymphoma Consortium (USCLC) and Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force (CLTF) of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Consensus guidelines (Olsen, 2011).
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Percentage of Participants Achieving a CR Each Cycle until disease progression, death or data cutoff (Median overall follow-up 38.8 months) Complete Response (CR) was determined by the IRF based on Global Response Score (GRS) which consisted of a skin assessment by the investigator using the modified severity-weighted assessment tool (mSWAT), nodal and visceral radiographic and for the participants with mycosis fungoides (MF) only, detection of circulation Sezary cells. Response Criteria was based on ISCL, USCLC and CLTF of the EORTC Consensus guidelines (Olsen, 2011).
Progression-Free Survival (PFS) Until disease progression, death or data cutoff (Median PFS follow-up of 38.8 months) PFS was assessed by the IRF and is defined as the time from randomization until disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first. Disease progression was based on ISCL, USCLC and CLTF of the EORTC Consensus guidelines (Olsen, 2011).
Ctrough: Observed Concentration at the End of a Dosing Interval for Brentuximab Vedotin Day 1 pre-dose of Cycles 2 and 4 Maximum Change From Baseline in Symptom Domain Score of the Skindex-29 Questionnaire Baseline up to End of Treatment (Week 52) Skindex-29 is a 29-item dermatology-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The Skindex-29 incorporates a 28-day recall period and consists of 3 domains: symptoms, emotions, and functioning. The domain scores and an overall score are expressed on a 100-point scale, from 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating lower levels of health- HRQoL. A negative change (reduction) from Baseline indicates improvement.
Duration of Response (DOR) Until disease progression, death or data cutoff (Median follow-up 38.8 months) Duration of response was assessed by the IRF in participants with confirmed response \[CR or Partial Response (PR)\] and is defined as the time between first documentation of response and disease progression. Response Criteria was based on ISCL, USCLC and CLTF of the EORTC Consensus guidelines (Olsen, 2011).
DOR of Skin Response Until disease progression, death or data cutoff (Median follow-up 38.8 months) Duration of skin response (CR and PR) was assessed by the investigator and is defined as the time between the first skin response to progressive disease in skin. Per mSWAT, CR is defined as 100% clearance of skin lesions. PR is defined as 50%-99% clearance of skin disease from Baseline; No new tumors in participants without tumors at Baseline -MF; No new tumors-primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL).Progressive disease is defined as ≥ 25% increase in skin disease from baseline, or loss of response: in those with CR or PR, increase of skin score of greater than the sum of nadir plus 50% baseline score, or new tumors in participants without tumors at baseline (MF).
Event-Free Survival (EFS) From randomization until disease progression, death or data cutoff (Median follow-up 36.8 months) EFS was assessed by the IRF and is defined as the time from randomization until any cause of treatment failure: disease progression, discontinuation of treatment for any reason, or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first. Disease progression was based on ISCL, USCLC and CLTF of the EORTC Consensus guidelines (Olsen, 2011).
Cmax: Maximum Observed Concentration for Brentuximab Vedotin Day 1 pre-dose and 30 minutes after infusion in Cycles 1 and 3 Cmax: Maximum Observed Concentration for Monomethyl Auristatin (MMAE) for Brentuximab Vedotin Day 1 pre-dose and 30 minutes after infusion ended in Cycles 1 and 3 Ctrough: Observed Concentration at the End of a Dosing Interval for MMAE for Brentuximab Vedotin Day 1 pre-dose of Cycles 2 and 4 Number of Participants With Antitherapeutic Antibodies (ATA) to Brentuximab Vedotin Baseline up to End of Treatment (Week 52) Blood was collected and evaluated for ATA and neutralizing ATA in all participants who received brentuximab vedotin to assess immunogenicity.
Change From Baseline in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy General Questionnaire (FACT-G) Score Day 1 of Cycles 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, at EOT and during posttreatment (LTFU) - (Median follow-up 38.8 months) FACT-G is a 27-item general cancer QOL instrument completed by participants receiving cancer treatment. FACT-G incorporates a 7-day recall period and contains 4 primary subscales: Physical Well-Being (PWB; sum of 7 items, point range 0-28); Social/Family Well-Being (SWB, sum of 7-items, point range 0-28); Emotional Well-Being (EWB; sum of 6-items, point range 0-24); Functional Well-Being (FWB; sum of 7-items, point range 0-28); Fact-G total score=sum of PWB, SWB, EWB, FWB, point range 0-108. Higher scores for the total scales and subscales indicate better quality of life. A negative change (reduction) from Baseline indicates improvement.
Change From Baseline in the Skindex-29 Questionnaire Total Score Day 1 of Cycles 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, at End of Treatment (EOT) and during posttreatment long treatment follow-up (LTFU) - (Median follow-up 38.8 months) Skindex-29 is a 29-item dermatology-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The Skindex-29 incorporates a 28-day recall period and consists of 3 domains: symptoms, emotions, and functioning. The domain scores and an overall score are expressed on a 100-point scale, 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating lower levels of health- HRQoL. A negative change (reduction) from Baseline indicates improvement.
Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) First dose of study drug through 30 days after last dose of study drug (Up to 450 days) AEs and SAEs were assessed according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 4.03. An Adverse Event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant administered a drug; it does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. A SAE is any AE that results in death, is life-threatening, requires inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of an existing hospitalization, results in significant disability or incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect or is a medically important event.