EAT-Lancet Diet, Chronotype, and Well-Being in Obesity

Completed

• Conditions: Obesity

• Registration Number: NCT07168967
• Lead Sponsor: Abant Izzet Baysal University

Brief Summary

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the Planetary Health Diet (EAT-Lancet) dietary pattern, chronotype, and psychological well-being in obese individuals. A total of 97 individuals diagnosed with obesity were included in the study. A questionnaire form containing sociodemographic characteristics was administered to volunteers who agreed to participate in the study. In addition, participants' anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, waist and hip circumference, Body Mass Index (BMI)), biochemical parameters (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein (CRP)), and nutritional status (food consumption record and frequency) were obtained. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was used to determine chronotype. The Psychological Well-Being Scale was used for psychological assessment.

Detailed Description

Mood disorders are common in obese individuals, and anxiety and depression often contribute to weight gain through emotional eating and inactivity. Therefore, including psychological support in obesity prevention and treatment programs is important for long-term weight loss goals. However, chronotype, which describes an individual's behavioral preferences such as sleep timing and eating, is also an important factor in determining both physical and mental health outcomes. An inappropriate chronotype has been associated with a more unfavorable body composition, poor mental health, and an increased risk of depression and anxiety. A review of the literature reveals no studies that simultaneously address the Planetary Health Diet (EAT-Lancet) dietary model, chronotype, and psychological well-being variables in obese individuals; this highlights the originality and necessity of the present study. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the EAT-Lancet dietary model, chronotype, and psychological well-being in obese individuals.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2024-09-01
• Primary Completion: 2024-12-01
• Study Completion: 2024-12-01
• Status Verified: 2025-09
• Study First Submitted: 2025-09-04
• Study First Submitted QC: 2025-09-05
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-09-05
• Study First Posted: 2025-09-11
• Last Update Posted: 2025-09-11

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 97

Inclusion Criteria

• Individuals over 19 years of age
• Individuals who are literate
• Individuals diagnosed with obesity

Exclusion Criteria

• Individuals who have had an acute infection or inflammatory disease within the past month
• Individuals with chronic infectious or inflammatory diseases
• Individuals with cancer

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Questionnaire Form	3 months	Sociodemographic characteristics of the individuals (age, gender, smoking and alcohol use, constipation status, swallowing-chewing problem) were questioned.
Body Weight (BW)	3 months	BW was measured using a calibrated digital scale placed on a flat, tiled surface. The scale was sensitive to 100 grams.
Height	3 months	Height was measured using a stadiometer with the participant's head positioned in the Frankfort plane and feet placed together.
Waist Circumference (WC)	3 months	WC was measured at the midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest (cristal point) using a flexible measuring tape.
Hip Circumference (HC)	3 months	HC was measured at the widest point of the hips using a flexible measuring tape.
Body Mass Index (BMI)	3 months	BMI was calculated by dividing body weight (in kilograms) by the square of height (in meters): BMI = weight (kg) / height² (m²).
Fasting Blood Glucose	3 months	Fasting blood glucose was measured using standard laboratory techniques during routine outpatient visits.
Triglycerides	3 months	Triglyceride levels were measured via fasting blood samples analyzed in the outpatient clinic laboratory.
LDL-Cholesterol	3 months	LDL-cholesterol was measured from fasting serum samples using standard enzymatic colorimetric methods.
Total Cholesterol	3 months	Total cholesterol was measured using routine biochemical analysis in a certified laboratory.
Albumin	3 months	Serum albumin levels were measured using routine laboratory procedures in outpatient visits.
Vitamin D	3 months	Serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were assessed using chemiluminescence immunoassay methods in the outpatient clinic laboratory.
Folic Acid	3 months	Serum folic acid levels were measured using standard automated immunoassay techniques.immunoassay methods in the outpatient clinic laboratory.
Vitamin B12	3 months	Serum vitamin B12 concentrations were measured using automated chemiluminescent immunoassay.immunoassay methods in the outpatient clinic laboratory.
Food Frequency Questionnaire	3 months	The foods consumed by individuals in the last month were evaluated across seven different groups, including five basic food groups (meat and meat products, milk and dairy products, bread and grains, vegetables and fruits, sugar and fats), beverages, and fast food. Participants were asked how often they consumed foods and beverages in these groups; responses were collected using the following options: "every meal," "every day," "5-6 days a week," "3-4 days a week," "1-2 days a week," "once every 15 days," "once a month," and "never." To determine the average daily consumption amounts based on consumption frequency, the following coefficients were used: 3 for "every meal," 1 for "every day," 0.7855 for "5-6 times a week," 0.498 for "3-4 times a week," 0.2145 for "1-2 times a week," 0.067 for "every 15 days," and 0.033 for "once a month.
Evaluation of Food Consumption Records	3 months	Responses regarding food consumption frequency were calculated using food consumption frequency calculations. The amounts of food and beverages consumed were multiplied by "3" for "every meal," '1' for "every day," "0.7855" for "5-6 times a week," "0.498" for "3-4 times a week," "0.2145" for "1-2 times a week," "0.067" for "every 15 days," and "0.033" for "once a month" to obtain the average daily amounts. Energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients were calculated using the daily intake amount.
Planetary Health Diet (EAT-Lancet)	3 months	In this study, the EAT-Lancet diet score was used. Adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was scored based on the estimated average daily intake of 14 dietary components. Each component was rated as 0 (non-compliance) or 1 point (compliance), resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 14 points.
Chronotype Eating Pattern	3 months	Individuals' chronotype eating patterns were determined using the Morning-Evening Questionnaire. The Morning-Evening Questionnaire consists of a total of 19 questions. The questionnaire contains questions about individuals' physical and psychological performance during a 24-hour period, which time of day they perform better, and their preferences regarding sleep and wakefulness times. As a result of the evaluation, those who scored between 70 and 86 were classified as "Definitely Morning Type"; those scoring between 59 and 69 are classified as "Close to Morning Type"; those scoring between 42 and 58 are classified as "Intermediate Type"; those scoring between 31 and 41 are classified as "Close to Evening Type"; and those scoring between 16 and 30 are classified as "Definitely Evening Type."
Psychological Assessment	3 months	Individuals were psychologically assessed using the Psychological Well-Being Scale. The scale defines many important elements, ranging from feeling satisfied with positive relationships to having a purposeful and meaningful life. There are 8 items on the scale. Each item is answered on a scale of 1 to 7, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). When all items are answered with "strongly disagree," the total test score is 8; when answered with "strongly agree," the total test score is 56. A high score on the test indicates that the individual has abundant psychological resources and strengths.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Health Sciences; Bolu, Turkey (Türkiye)