A Clinical and Imaging Study to Evaluate a Novel Dentifrice
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Enrollment
- 194
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Periodontal health measure 2
Study Overview
Brief Summary
There is a need for toothpastes that more effectively remove oral biofilm, inhibit biofilm re-formation and support periodontal health. This is particularly important for patients with long-term orthodontic fixtures or prosthodontic appliances, and also for debilitated, diabetic and immunocompromised patients. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of toothpastes on plaque presence and removal, gingival and periodontal health, dental hard tissue mineralization, erosion, abrasion, and microstructure as well as dry/sore mouth. In addition to clinical scoring and photographs, tooth and gum sensitivity, saliva volume, pH and buffering and enamel health may be evaluated using tooth samples worn on removable dental retainers. These samples will be examined outside of the mouth using advanced optical techniques such as Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), Fluorescence, various forms of microscopy and spectroscopy.
Detailed Description
The objective of this study is to evaluate the in vivo effects of toothpastes and dental gels on gingival and periodontal health, enamel demineralization, remineralization and microstructure . The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of over-the-counter toothpastes and dental gels including Colgate Total, Crest Cavity Protection, Zendium Classic toothpaste, and Livionex LivFree and LivFresh using established clinical evaluation parameters as well as innovative imaging approaches (Optical Coherence Tomography and Multiphoton Microscopy) to measure the status of the oral tissues
Imaging devices:
- Optical Coherence Tomography can be used to identify and measure inflammation of the gums and gum pockets.The results can be used to evaluate the health of the gums, and changes caused by using specific toothpastes
- Multiphoton Microscopy can be used to identify and measure bacterial plaque or biofilm in the mouth. The results can determine effects of specific toothpastes on the development and breakup of bacterial biofilm or plaque.
In the first part of this study, subjects with moderate gingival inflammation (Löe and Silness Gingival Index ≥2) and pocket depths <4 will be randomly assigned to brush twice daily for 21 days with the test or the control dental gel. On Days 0, 7, 14, and 21, plaque levels (Quigley-Hein, Turesky Modification Plaque Index), gingival inflammation (Löe and Silness Gingival Index), and gingival bleeding (modified Sulcus Bleeding Index) will be determined by one blinded, investigator (Dr. Wilder-Smith) using standard probing techniques. In vivo Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Multiphoton Microscopy (MPM) will be used for in situ imaging. The results from this study will help evaluate the effects of the test dentifrice formulation on plaque removal and maintaining gingival health.
In the second part of this study, plaque formation and removal will be quantified in subjects using ex vivo Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Multiphoton Microscopy (MPM) imaging of small enamel chips mounted on a simple intra-oral retainer. In this cross-over design study, the subjects will attend the test site on 11 occasions over an 11-week period. Subjects will have an intra-oral retainer manufactured, which will be worn for a minimum of 22 hours per day and will have up to 8 sterile human enamel inserts fitted.This study will be conducted in three arms with a maximum of 44h of retainer wear during each arm, and each study arm will follow the same procedure. 2 different over-the-counter toothpastes and a water control will be used for each arm of the study, respectively. There will be a minimum of two weeks between each study arm.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Observational
- Observational Model
- Case Only
- Time Perspective
- Prospective
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Male or female over the age of 18
- •Have a previously diagnosed condition of gingivitis and periodontitis including gingival bleeding, gingival inflammation, plaque, and for some study sections at least four sites with probing pocket depths > 4mm.
- •Not pregnant and not lactating.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Participated in other clinical study within the last 30 days.
- •Plan to receive dental treatment during the study dates.
- •History of significant adverse effects following use of oral hygiene products such as toothpastes and mouth rinses.
- •Allergies to personal care/consumer products or their ingredients.
- •Less than 20 teeth (excluding third molars).
- •For some studies, within six months prior to baseline, any quadrant or maintenance S/RP, and/or periodontal surgical therapy
- •Diagnosed with active acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or Hepatitis B/C and other significant disease or disorder.
- •Poorly controlled diabetes
- •History of herpetic infection, recurrent aphthous ulcer, or other ulcerative diseases, abscesses, granulomas.
- •History of or currently undergoing immunosuppression
- •Taken antibiotics in the previous 3 months.
- •Taking anti-inflammatory medications or Immunosuppressants.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Periodontal health measure 2
Time Frame: Up to 6 months
Periodontal Pocket Depths
Plaque removal and reaccumulation measure 1
Time Frame: Up to 6 months
Plaque Index
Gingival health measure 2
Time Frame: Up to 6 months
Sulcus Bleeding Index
Periodontal health measure 1
Time Frame: Up to 6 months
Optical Coherence Tomography
Gingival health measure 1
Time Frame: Up to 6 months
Gingival Index
Plaque removal and reaccumulation measure 2
Time Frame: Up to 6 months
Optical Coherence Tomography
Plaque removal and reaccumulation measure 3
Time Frame: Up to 6 months
Multiphoton microscopy
Gingival health measure 3
Time Frame: Up to 6 months
Optical Coherence Tomography
Secondary Outcomes
- Plaque characterization(Up to 6 months)
- Enamel health measure 5(Up to 6 months)
- Enamel health measure 1(Up to 6 months)
- Enamel health measure 2(Up to 6 months)
- Enamel health measure 3(Up to 6 months)
- Enamel health measure 4(Up to 6 months)
Investigators
Petra E. Wilder-Smith
Professor, Director of Dentistry
University of California, Irvine