Effectiveness of ozonated oil versus chlorhexidine gel in patients with chronic periodontitis- A randomized control trial

Chronic periodontitis a common oral disease among the adult population, characterized as an inflammatory condition affecting the tissues that support teeth, brought on by certain microorganisms. It can induce gingival recession, periodontal pocket formation, or progressive deterioration of the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. The deposition of plaque on teeth and the gingival sulcus is thought to be the main cause of the genesis of chronic periodontitis and gingivitis.of the best non-surgical treatments available is scaling and root planning (SRP), which lowers the bacterial load in addition to reducing dental calculus and plaque. Antimicrobial treatments must be used in addition to mechanical debridement in places that are difficult to access, such as deep pockets and furcation areas. A popular and efficient antibacterial agent used as a supplement after scaling and root planing (SRP) is chlorhexidine (CHX). . It should be mentioned moreover, that CHX shows greater cytotoxic effects and other adverse effects like staining and altered taste sensation. In the recent past, a significant surge in research interest in natural medicine has been seen.. Of particular note, plant products have become widely used in the field of microbiology. Although there are many novel therapeutic strategies which involves using medicinal plants and their products, the application of the same is appealing and is being studied more and more. Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in oils, and their possible antibacterial properties are beginning to be acknowledged. Adding ozone to these substances may further increase anti bacterial efficacy. In addition to comparing the outcomes with regular SRP with traditional chlorhexidine gel, this study is being done with the primary aim to evaluate the effectiveness of topical ozone oil application.

Methodology:

Population: Patients with chronic periodontitis

Intervention: Scaling + Ozonated oil

Comparator: Scaling + Chlorhexidine gel

Outcome: Reduction in the degree of chronic peridontitis

Study design: Randomized controlled trial

Sample size: 56 patients

Groups: Two ( Group 1 and Group 2)

Study tool: A detailed case history will be recorded in a specially designed perfoma which include patient’s demographic details, contact information, past medical and dental history, deleterious habits (if any), oral hygiene habits i.e. brushing method, technique and dentrifice used, extra oral and intra oral examination. Following clinical indices were measured at baseline and folllowup-:  Plaque index measured using Turesky- Gilmore  -Glickman modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque index(1970), GI measured using Loe H and Sillness J Gingival index (1963),  Periodontal probing depth measured using Periodontal probe (distance measured  from the  gingival margin to the pocket base) and Clinical attachment level (measured from CEJ to base of pocket). Consent form duly signed by the patient after explanation of the study purpose and methodology before the commencement of  the study will be obtained. Two treatment arms of the study will be-:

•        For group 1 Complete Oral Prophylaxis will be done and patients will be advised to apply Ozone oil daily for a period of one month.

•        For group 2 Complete Oral Prophylaxis will be done and patients will be advised to apply chlorhexidine gel daily for a period of one month.

Recall and Clinical evaluation- Follow up will be done at a period of 1 month  i.e. 30 days from the start of the treatment and  3 months i.e. 90 days from the start of the study  to check the following parameters- Modified PI, GI by loe and sillness, periodontal PPD and loss of attachment measured by CAL).

Outcome will be measured in terms of reduction of the scores of these indices so as to assess the effectiveness of the intervention group in the disease condition as well as to compare it with the comparator group