The Effect of Ketone Esters on Forearm Glucose Metabolism
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Active, not recruiting
- Sponsor
- University of Exeter
- Enrollment
- 14
- Locations
- 2
- Primary Endpoint
- Forearm glucose net balance
Study Overview
Brief Summary
Ketones are naturally produced by our body and can affect our blood sugar levels. Ketones could be important tool for treating disease or recovering from exercise. The purpose of this research is to determine if a ketone drink can increase sugar uptake in our muscles. This research will provide new knowledge about the regulation of blood sugar.
Detailed Description
Impaired skeletal muscle glucose uptake following a meal ("insulin resistance"), is a primary risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes. We and others have consistently shown that ingesting exogenous ketones can reduce blood glucose concentration. Mechanistically, this must arise through reduced glucose release (i.e. from liver), and/or increased uptake (i.e. into skeletal muscle). Our current MRC-funded work is focussing on ketone-liver interactions in patients with type 2 diabetes. Here we aim to investigate how KE influence skeletal muscle glucose metabolism.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Crossover
- Primary Purpose
- Basic Science
- Masking
- Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking Description
Coded, known only to one independent individual
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 40 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Age 18-40
Exclusion Criteria
- •Any diagnosed metabolic health condition
- •Diagnosed Cardiovascular disease
- •Use of medications deemed by research team to affect study outcomes
- •Recent history of musculoskeletal injury
- •Aged >40 or <18
- •Allergy to ingredients in the supplement, including ketones, lactose or milk protein
Arms & Interventions
Ketone supplementation
100 mL flavoured drink containing 0.3 g/kg ketone monoester ((R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; ΔG®, University of Oxford; https://www.deltagketones.com)
Intervention: Ketone supplement (Dietary Supplement)
Placebo
Placebo with bitter agent to flavour match
Intervention: Placebo supplement (Dietary Supplement)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Forearm glucose net balance
Time Frame: 3 hours
Net balance of blood glucose across a forearm following a mixed meal tolerance test
Secondary Outcomes
- Forearm amino acid net balance(3 hours)
- Serum insulin concentrations(3 hours)
- Ketone concentration(3 hours)
- Forearm non-esterified fatty acid net balance(3 hours)