EMDR as a treatment of negative self-image in adults with ADHD.

Conditions: ADHD
Attention Deficity Hyperactivity Disorder
10009841

Registration Number: NL-OMON42069

Lead Sponsor: Parnassia Bavo Groep (Den Haag)

Brief Summary: Not available

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Pending

Sex: Not specified

Target Recruitment: 16

Inclusion Criteria

1. ADHD/ADD diagnosis.
2. Negative self-image. A negative self-image can emerge due to harmful experiences. These can lead to negative thoughts and feelings about oneself.
3. Stable situation regarding medication (consultation with doctor).
4. Continuity in psychosocial and psychic functioning.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Current suicidality.
2. PTSD diagnosis.
3. Type 2 trauma (Long-term recurrent traumatic events, like sexual abuse).
4. Comorbidity: Severe current depression, bipolar disorder (type 1), psychotic disorders and substance dependency.
5. Severe personality disorder or the comorbid disorder (axis 1 or 2) demands specialised treatment first.
6. No request for help regarding a negative self-image.
7. Severe automutilation.
8. Low IQ, mental retardation.
9. Many problems on Axis-IV.
10. Unstable living situation (for example: No housing or unsufficient support system).
11. Crisis-prone and regular acting-out behaviour.

Study & Design

Study Type: Interventional

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>The main parameter is improvement of self-image. The self-image is measured<br /><br>with the Rosenberg -NL Self-esteem Scale, which consists of 10 items which<br /><br>represent one underlying construct. Items are answered on a 4-point-Likert<br /><br>scale. Five items are reversed, so a positive score represents higher<br /><br>self-confidence. Total scores can vary between 0 and 30 points. EMDR is<br /><br>considered as helpful when there is a significant higher improvement on these<br /><br>scales between T3 and T1 (EMDR treatment) than between T1 and T0 (waiting list<br /><br>period).</p><br>

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>Improvement of other psychological and physical symptoms is monitored with the<br /><br>90-item Symptom Checklist (SCL-90). Psychological symptoms that could be<br /><br>influenced during this study are for example anxiety, depression and sleep<br /><br>related problems. EMDR is considered as helpful when there is a significant<br /><br>higher improvement on this scale between T3 and T1 (EMDR treatment) than<br /><br>between T1 and T0 (waiting list period).</p><br>