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Preparing and Timing of the Endometrium in Modified Natural Cycle Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfers

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Infertility
Interventions
Drug: Lutinus + transfer day 6
Drug: Lutinus + transfer day 7
Registration Number
NCT03795220
Lead Sponsor
Anja Bisgaard Pinborg
Brief Summary

The increasing use of FET emphasizes the importance of preparing and timing the endometrium in FET cycles, however there is no consensus on luteal phase progesterone supplementation in mNC-FET and the optimal day of blastocyst warming and transfer. The aim of this multicenter RCT is to assess the effect of progesterone supplementation in hCG-triggered mNC-FET and the effect of embryo thawing and transfer at hCG+6 or hCG+7 days, respectively. In total 604 patients will be included with n=151 in each of the four study arms. The primary outcome is live birth rate per transfer (LBR) and the goal is to show a 10% increase in LBR after progesterone supplementation and to assess whether blastocyst warming+transfer 6 days after hCG trigger is superior to 7 days after hCG trigger in mNC-FET.

Detailed Description

Single embryo transfer and freezing of surplus embryos has lowered twin birth rates after in vitro fertilization (IVF) to a level of less than 5% in Denmark. However, several treatments with repeated frozen embryo transfers (FET) before a viable pregnancy is confirmed are burdensome to the patients. New freezing techniques has optimized the quality of the embryo transferred in FET cycles, but optimization of the endometrium in the luteal phase is still lacking behind. In a mNC-FET, which is the routine in many clinics, ovulation is induced with an hCG injection when the leading follicle is ≥17 mm. The hCG trigger is important for controlling the time of ovulation, but triggering an unhealthy follicle at an inappropriate time may cause luteal phase insufficiency and thus suboptimal function of the endometrium. Danish public fertility clinics are not routinely using progesterone supplementation in mNC-FET, but there may be a rationale to do so, and some implantations may be rescued. In this study we will compare live birth rates in mNC-FET with and without progesterone supplementation in the luteal phase, and further we will explore the optimal timing of blastocyst warming and transfer by comparing embryo transfer at hCG trigger +6 days versus +7 days. This is a superiority study with the aim to detect an increase in live birth rates of 10%. Hence, this adequately powered RCT may make a major contribution to knowledge on mNC-FET to the benefits of patients. We will include 604 patients divided 1:1 (302:302) in each arm +/- progesterone and these will further be divided 1:1 in blastocyst warming and transfer +6 and +7 days after hCG injection. The primary endpoint is live birth rate per transfer.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
679
Inclusion Criteria
  • Female age 18-41 years, regular menstrual cycle (23-35 days), vitrified blastocysts derived from 1.-3. IVF/ICSI cycle in a public hospital and undergoing single blastocyst transfer.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Previous participation in the study, uterine malformations, intrauterine polyps or submucosal myomas, breast feeding, oocyte donation, preimplantation genetic testing, blastocyst conceived with sperm from testicular sperm aspiration, HIV (woman), hepatitis B and C (woman), known luteal phase insufficiency or if patients are not fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Further exclusion criteria are the following contraindications to progesterone; allergy to the study medication, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, current missed abortion or ectopic pregnancy, hepatic insufficiency or severe hepatic disease, genital or breast cancer, arterial or venous thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis or porphyria. For patients participating in the sub-study, thyroid disease is an exclusion criterion.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
No progesterone + transfer 7. dayNo Lutinus + transfer day 7No Lutinus + blastocyst warming and transfer 7 days after hCG trigger
Vaginal progesterone + transfer 6. dayLutinus + transfer day 6Lutinus + blastocyst warming and transfer 6 days after hCG trigger
Vaginal progesterone + transfer 7. dayLutinus + transfer day 7Lutinus + blastocyst warming and transfer 7 days after hCG trigger
No progesterone + transfer 6. dayNo Lutinus + transfer day 6No Lutinus + blastocyst warming and transfer 6 days after hCG trigger
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Live birth rates per transferRegistered at the one-year follow-up after a positive pregnancy test.

Comparison of live birth rates between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Abortion rates per transferRegistered at the one-year follow-up after a positive pregnancy test.

Comparison of abortion rates between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

ASAT (U/L)Measured at baseline.

ALAT measured by blood sample to ensure normal liver parameters before administration of progesterone.

Thyroid peroxidase anitbodies (arb.units/L)Measured at baseline.

Comparison of thyroid peroxidase antibodies measured by blood samples between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

Clinical pregnancy rates per transferUltrasound performed at 7-8 weeks of gestation.

Comparison of clinical pregnancy rates (ultrasound) between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or seven after hCG trigger.

Chemical pregnancy rates per transferMeasured 16 days after ovulation trigger (hCG+16).

Comparison of chemical pregnancy rates between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

ALAT (U/L)Measured at baseline.

ALAT measured by blood sample to ensure normal liver parameters before administration of progesterone.

AMH (pol/L)Measured at baseline.

Comparison of AMH measured by blood samples between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

Estradiole (mmol/L)Measured at baseline, at ovulation trigger day (hCG+0), at transfer day (hCG+6/7) and at hCG+11.

Comparison of estradiole measured by blood samples between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

FSH (IU/L)Measured at baseline, at ovulation trigger day (hCG+0), at transfer day (hCG+6/7) and at hCG+11.

Comparison of FSH measured by blood samples between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

LH (IU/L)Measured at baseline, at ovulation trigger day (hCG+0), at transfer day (hCG+6/7) and at hCG+11.

Comparison of LH measured by blood samples between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

Progesterone (nmol/L)Measured at baseline, at ovulation trigger day (hCG+0), at transfer day (hCG+6/7) and at hCG+11.

Comparison of progesterone measured by blood samples between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

beta-hCGMeasured at transfer day (hCG+6/7), hCG+11 and hCG+16.

Comparison of beta-hCG measured by blood samples between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

OH-progesterone (nmol/L)Measured at ovulation trigger day (hCG+0), at transfer day (hCG+6/7) and at hCG+11.

Comparison OH-progesterone measured by blood samples between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

TSH (*10^3 IU/L)Measured at baseline, at ovulation trigger day (hCG+0), at transfer day (hCG+6/7), at hCG+11, at hCG+14 and at hCG+19.

Comparison of TSH measured by blood samples between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

Thyroglobulin antibodies (arb.units/L)Measured at baseline.

Comparison of thyroglobulin antibodies measured by blood samples between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

Obstetric complication ratesRegistered at the one-year follow-up after a positive pregnancy test.

Comparison of obstetric complication rates between patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

Neonatal complication ratesRegistered at the one-year follow-up after a positive pregnancy test.

Comparison of neonatal complication rates for children of patients receiving and not receiving Lutinus, with blastocyst warming and transfer day 6 or 7 after hCG trigger.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

🇩🇰

Copenhagen, Denmark

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