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Early Sequential Nephron Blockade in Acute Heart Failure Patients: A Randomised, Controlled Study

Phase 3
Conditions
Acute Heart Failure
Acute Kidney Injury
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT04465123
Lead Sponsor
Chiang Mai University
Brief Summary

This study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of sequential nephron blockade by adding hydrochlorothiazide or spironolactone on intravenous furosemide compared to intravenous furosemide alone in the treatments of volume overload in patients with acute heart failure who have diuretic resistance from furosemide stress test.

Detailed Description

This study is a randomised, double-blinded, double-dummy, placebo-controlled study to demonstrate the efficacy of oral hydrochlorothiazide or spironolactone in combination with intravenous furosemide compared to intravenous furosemide in combination with placebo. Dosage of intravenous furosemide will be adjusted according to pre-defined protocol. The primary outcome is urine volume during 72 hours after randomisation.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
100
Inclusion Criteria
  • Age ≥18 years
  • Diagnosis of acute heart failure which is defined by 2 of the 3 following features: ≥2+ leg edema, jugular venous pressure >10 cm from physical examination or central venous pressure >10 mmHg, and bilateral pulmonary edema or bilateral pleural effusion from chest radiography
  • Patients consent to participate into the study
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients who receive furosemide ≥500 mg/day or hydrochlorothiazide ≥100 mg/day or spironolactone ≥100 mg/day or tolvaptan of any doses
  • Patients who have systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg or who need vasoactive drugs inotropic agents (except dobutamine)
  • Patients with intravascular volume depletion from clinical evaluation
  • Patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 (estimated glomerular filtration rate <15 ml/min/1.73 m2) or patients who receive maintenance dialysis
  • Patients who require renal replacement therapy at the time of admission
  • Patients whom diagnosed hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, severe valvular stenosis or complex congenital heart disease
  • Patients with sepsis or systemic infection
  • Pregnant women
  • Patients who have history of furosemide, spironolactone or hydrochlorothiazide allergy

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Furosemide with placeboPlaceboIV furosemide dosage will be adjusted according to the pre-defined protocol as shown in the experimental group. Patients will be received spironolactone placebo or hydrochlorothiazide placebo in combination with intravenous furosemide according to patients' serum potassium levels.
Furosemide with spironolactone or hydrochlorothiazideSpironolactone or hydrochlorothiazideIV furosemide dosage will be adjusted according to the protocol as follows. Level 1: previous oral furosemide dose ≤80 mg/day; furosemide 80 mg IV bolus every 6 hours Level 2: previous oral furosemide dose 81-160 mg/day; furosemide 160 mg IV bolus every 6 hours Level 3: previous oral furosemide dose \>160 mg/day; furosemide 250 mg IV bolus every 6 hours Furosemide dosage will be adjusted to keep urine output between 3,000 and 5,000 ml/day and \>600 ml during 6 hours after furosemide administration. If the urine output \<3,000 ml/day or \<600 ml per 6 hours, furosemide dosage will be increase 1-level up per protocol above. If the urine output \>5,000 ml/day, furosemide dosage will be reduced 1-level down per protocol above. Patients will be received spironolactone or hydrochlorothiazide in combination with intravenous furosemide according to patients' serum potassium levels.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Urine volume72 hours

Total urine volume after randomisation

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Urine volume24 and 48 hours

Total urine volume after randomization

Body weight72 hours after randomisation

Changes of patient's body weight

Length of hospital admissionDuring hospital admission period

Number of days that patients need to stay in the hospital

Furosemide dose72 hours after randomisation

Total dosage of intravenous furosemide

Levels of B-type atrial natriuretic peptide (BNP)72 hours and 7 days after randomisation

levels of pro-BNP

Number of participants with adverse eventsDuring hospital admission

All adverse events during hospital admission

Dyspnea score assessed by visual analogue scaleAt randomization, and 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after randomization

The scale is between 0 and 100. The higher scale represents lower level of dyspnea

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Chiang Mai University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University

🇹🇭

Chiang Mai, Thailand

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