Secondhand Effects of Hookah (i.e., Waterpipe) Smoke and Aerosol

Not Applicable

Recruiting

Interventions: Other: Electronic Hookah Aerosol
Other: Combustible Hookah Smoke
Other: Clean Room Air

Brief Summary: In the United States, secondhand smoke is the third leading preventable cause of death. Flavored hookah (waterpipe) tobacco smoking, a highly social activity common in hookah bars, is a key source of SHS exposure. While smoke-free air laws have decreased exposure to secondhand smoke, the majority of laws do not include hookah smoking. Thus, as a social outlet for youth and young adults, hookah smoke exposure may harm non-smokers, including women of reproductive age or pregnant, hookah bar workers, children, and individuals with heart and lung disease. While more is known on the acute effects of active hookah smoking and the literature is emerging on active e-hookah vaping, little is known about the acute vascular effects of secondhand exposure to hookah smoke and aerosol. The study aims to examine the acute effects of secondhand exposure of hookah smoke and aerosol on endothelial and vascular function. Eligible volunteers will be invited to participate in a total of 3 study visits (2-3 hours each): e-hookah aerosol exposure, charcoal-heated hookah smoke exposure and smoke-free room air. Non-invasive blood pressure and blood flow measurements will be taken before and after the exposure sessions.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

21-49 years old
Never a smoker: do not use any tobacco products or nicotine delivery systems, including cigarettes, cigars (traditional and filtered), cigarillos, hookah, smokeless tobacco (i.e., loose snus, moist snuff, dip, spit, or chewing tobacco), pipe tobacco, snus pouches, dissolvable tobacco or vaping.
no evidence of cardiopulmonary disease by history/physical
blood pressure (BP) < 140/90 mmHg
resting heart rate (HR) < 100 bpm
BMI >18 or < 30kg•m2
no prescription medication
No exposure to environmental tobacco smoke for at least one week prior to the study date.

Exclusion Criteria

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Exposure to Electronic Hookah Aerosol	Electronic Hookah Aerosol	Participants will be exposed to electronic hookah aerosol. To mitigate the impact of carryover effects, the exposure sessions will be separated by a minimum of 7-days.
Exposure to Combustible Hookah Smoke	Combustible Hookah Smoke	Participants will be exposed to combustible hookah smoke. To mitigate the impact of carryover effects, the exposure sessions will be separated by a minimum of 7-days.
Exposure to Clean Air	Clean Room Air	Participants will be exposed to Clean Room Air. To mitigate the impact of carryover effects, the exposure sessions will be separated by a minimum of 7-days.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Flow-Mediated Dilation (FMD)	Pre- and post- the 60-minute exposure sessions	Using ultrasound, FMD of the brachial artery induced by reactive hyperemia, will be used to measure endothelium-dependent vasodilator function. Baseline diameter and velocity will be recorded for 45 seconds and resumed 30 seconds before cuff deflation and continuously for 2 minutes after deflation to obtain true peak vasodilatory response.
Arterial stiffness	Pre- and post- the 60-minute exposure sessions	Using applanation tonometry, pulse wave velocity will be used to measure cebtral arterial stiffness.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method

Locations (1): University of California, Los Angeles
🇺🇸
Los Angeles, California, United States

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