Comparison of intravenous magnesium sulphate versus dexmedetomidine in blunting of cardiovascular stress response following laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation- A prospective randomised control study

Background: Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation are associated with a significant hemodynamic stress response leading to transient tachycardia and hypertension which may be detrimental to patients particularly with cardiovascular disease. Various pharmacological agents have been used to attenuate this stress response. This study aims to compare the efficacy of intravenous dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate in attenuation of cardiovascular stress response following laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation

Methods: This prospective, randomized, double blinded study involving 100 patients aged 20-10 years of either gender classified as ASA 1 or 2, undergoing surgeries under general anaesthesia in PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore. Participants are divided into 2 groups of 50 each based on computer generated randomization sequence. Group M - receive magnesium sulphate of dose 30mg/kg and Group D - receive dexmedetomidine of dose 0.75mcg/kg, administered before induction. Hemodynamic parameters including heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure are noted at baseline, 5,10 and 15 minutes since start of drug infusion, 30 seconds prior to laryngoscopy and at intervals 1,3,5 and 10 minutes post intubation

Conclusion: This study seeks to determine whether dexmedetomidine or magnesium sulphate more effective in attenuating the cardiovascular stress response during laryngoscopy and intubation. This finding will help guide anaesthetic management strategies, particularly in patients at risk of hemodynamic instability