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Effectiveness of Nirsevimab in Children Hospitalised With RSV Bronchiolitis

Recruiting
Conditions
Bronchiolitis, Viral
Interventions
Other: No intervention required by the protocol
Registration Number
NCT06030505
Lead Sponsor
Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Creteil
Brief Summary

Respiratory tract infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are a worldwide burden and represent a major public health issue. In France, bronchiolitis is responsible for around 100,000 emergency room visits and 50,000 hospital admissions every year; 75% of infants hospitalised for RSV bronchiolitis are healthy full-term children.

Recent discoveries concerning the specific viral epitopes of RSV have made it possible to move from an empirical approach to a targeted preventive or curative approach (monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, anti-viral drugs).

Nirsevimab is a monoclonal antibody against RSV with enhanced neutralising activity and a prolonged half-life. A randomised, placebo-controlled phase III trial demonstrated the effectiveness of nirsevimab in reducing lower respiratory tract infections caused by RSV requiring medical management in healthy premature and term infants, with a favourable safety profile. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first RSV vaccine on May 3, 2023, and the second was approved on May 31, 2023. Nirsevimab was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) on November 4, 2022.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
963
Inclusion Criteria

Cases :

  • Children under 12 months of age
  • Treated for acute RSV bronchiolitis
  • Hospitalised following a visit to the paediatric emergency department

Controls :

  • Children under 12 months
  • Hospitalised in the conventional sector or in a short-stay hospital unit, or having consulted a paediatric emergency department for one of the following reasons
  • Febrile urinary tract infection, without acute ear, nose, and throat (ENT) or respiratory symptoms
  • Acute gastroenteritis, without acute ENT or respiratory symptoms
  • Infant colic without fever, without ENT or acute respiratory symptoms
  • Stagnant weight or feeding difficulties without fever, acute ENT or respiratory symptoms
  • Neonatal jaundice without fever or acute ENT or respiratory symptoms
  • Unexplained crying without fever, without ENT or acute respiratory symptoms
  • Head injury, without acute ENT or respiratory symptoms
  • Patient hospitalised for acute surgery without fever, without ENT or acute respiratory symptoms
Exclusion Criteria
  • Refusal to participate by the patient, their relative or legal representative
  • Administration of Palivizumab.
  • Maternal vaccination against RSV.

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Control patientsNo intervention required by the protocolCollection of medical data in a non-identifying way (demographic data, medical history, clinical data, microbiological data) to meet the objectives of the research.
Case patientsNo intervention required by the protocolCollection of medical data in a non-identifying way (demographic data, medical history, clinical data, microbiological data) to meet the objectives of the research.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Proportion of patients passively immunised with nirsevimab7 days

Proportion of patients passively immunised with nirsevimab in children hospitalised with RSV bronchiolitis and in the control group

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Length of hospital stay7 days

Length of hospital stay for children with RSV bronchiolitis.

Proportion of children hospitalised for RSV bronchiolitis with viral co-detection7 days

Proportion of children hospitalised for RSV bronchiolitis with viral co-detection or viral detection other than RSV on nasopharyngeal swab

Proportion of hospitalised children for RSV bronchiolitis requiring invasive or non-invasive ventilatory passively immunised with nirsevimab7 days

Proportion of children passively immunised with nirsevimab hospitalised for bronchiolitis requiring invasive or non-invasive ventilatory support, including RSV bronchiolitis

Time immunisation7 days

Time between immunisation with nirsevimab and hospitalisation for RSV bronchiolitis.

Frequency of hospital admissions7 days

Monthly frequency of hospital admissions for RSV bronchiolitis among participating centres over time

Trial Locations

Locations (5)

Hôpital Armand Trousseau AP-HP

🇫🇷

Paris, France

CHU Bondy - Jean Verdier

🇫🇷

Bondy, France

CHU Robert-Debré

🇫🇷

Paris, France

CHI Créteil

🇫🇷

Créteil, France

CHU Toulouse-hôpital des Enfants

🇫🇷

Toulouse, France

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