Roles of Prophylactic Subcutaneous Drain in Preventing Surgical Site Infection in Abdominal Surgery Wound Class III and IV

This study is a randomized, controlled and open study, where participants who undergo abdominal surgery will be randomly allocated into two groups: (i) patients whose wounds are inserted with subcutaneous negative pressure drain and (ii) patients whose wounds are not inserted with subcutaneous negative pressure drain.

The participants in this study will know the details about the presence of their drain placement after the operation. If the patient was assigned to the drain group, the drain will be placed for five days or until there are no content observed in the drain. The primary outcome of this study is the occurrence of SSI, which will be tracked up to 30 days post-operation. The patient in both groups will also be evaluated by the surgeons at day 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30 post-operation for signs and complications of SSI. In situation where the patients are discharged prior to the date of evaluation, the patients will be scheduled for evaluation during the follow-up visits.

If SSI is detected in the drain group prior to removal, the drain will be removed and the patient will be treated with wet dressing combined with antibiotics. Complications of SSI will also be noted. Patient's data on demographic, medical history, clinical presentation, details of operation, and other laboratory findings will also be collected to investigate for risk factors for development of SSI between each group.