Targeted Elimination Diet in EoE Patients Following Identification of Trigger Nutrients Using Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Enrollment
- 25
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Difference in response
Study Overview
Brief Summary
Using confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE), gastrointestinal allergic reactions to certain foods in the duodenum will be evaluated on a cellular level. After that, a personalized exclusion diet will be followed based on the CLE results for 6 weeks, sham-controlled, in a cross-over fashion. Gastroscopy with esophageal biopsies will be repeated after each diet.
Detailed Description
Eosinophilic esophagitis is an antigen driven esophagitis, that is characterized by symptoms of dysphagia often leading to food impaction, and that leads to strictures and esophageal motility disorders, with a significant impact on quality of life. Current treatment options include proton pump inhibitors (PPI's) and topical steroids, and also the empiric 6-food elimination diet (6FED). In this diet, the 6 most frequently implicated foods are excluded and reintroduced one by one (milk, gluten containing grains, egg, soy, nuts, fish & shellfish). However, this is a complicated and long process, including several endoscopies with esophageal biopsies.
Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a technique that allows to detect gastrointestinal allergic reactions in the duodenum, and to visualize them on a molecular level in real-time. The CLE probe is passed through the working channel of a standard gastroscope, up against the duodenal mucosa. After intravenous injection of fluorescein as contrast medium, the duodenal epithelium is visualized on a cellular level, including food protein mediated extravasation of fluorescein into the lumen. The 6 foods of the 6FED are sprayed on the epithelium one by one, after which a reaction is awaited. Previous use of CLE has shown that more than half of Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) patients reacts to one or more foods during CLE.
In this double blind randomized cross-over study the effect a personalized elimination diet, based on the reaction during CLE, is compared to a sham diet, in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis, and insufficient response or intolerance to PPI's. Both diets will be followed for 6 weeks, after which gastroscopy with esophageal biopsies will be repeated. Patients that do not have a reaction to the 6 foods will act as controls, following a control diet with milk and gluten in a cross-over fashion.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Crossover
- Primary Purpose
- Diagnostic
- Masking
- Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking Description
Nor the participant, nor the primary or secondary investigators involved in the study will know to which nutrients the patient reacted as assessed by CLE, nor will they know what the order of the diet is (sham or real). An investigator who did not participate in the CLE will give dietary instructions.
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 70 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Eosinophilic Esophagitis, with peak eosinophil count of >15 eos/HPF and symptoms of dysphagia at least 2 days per week
- •Patients have had a trial of high-dose PPI for at least 8 weeks, with either documented non-response or intolerance to the medication
- •Patients aged between 18 and 70 years old
- •Signed written informed consent
- •Eosinophilic Esophagitis, with peak eosinophil count of >15 eos/HPF and symptoms of dysphagia at least 2 days per week
- •Patients have had a trial of high-dose PPI for at least 8 weeks, with either documented non-response or intolerance to the medication
- •Patients aged between 18 and 70 years old
- •Signed written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
- •IgE-mediated food anaphylaxis for 1 of the trigger nutrients
- •History of major gastrointestinal surgery complicating esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy
- •Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) Los Angeles grade C or D
- •Esophageal strictures, too narrow to pass with a normal gastroscope
- •Endoscopic dilation in the esophagus in the 4 weeks prior to inclusion
- •Celiac disease
- •Recent use (within two weeks) of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), systemic histamine-receptor antagonists, mast cell stabilizers, opioids.
- •Proton pump inhibitors must be either stopped for at least 4 weeks, or continued on a stable dosage throughout the study period.
- •Corticosteroids should be stopped for at least 4 weeks.
- •Allergy to fluorescein, Xylocain or Propofol
- •Pregnant or lactating women
Arms & Interventions
CLE positive patients real/sham
In this arm, participants who reacted to one or two nutrients during CLE will follow a personalized exclusion diet consistent of the nutrient to which they reacted, after which they will follow a sham diet in a blinded cross-over fashion.
Intervention: personalized exclusion diet based on CLE (Other)
CLE positive patients sham/real
In this arm, participants who reacted to one or two nutrients during CLE will follow a sham diet for 6 weeks, and than a personalized exclusion diet consistent of the nutrient to which they reacted, in a blinded cross-over fashion.
Intervention: personalized exclusion diet based on CLE (Other)
CLE negative patients
In this arm, participants who did not react to one of the nutrients during CLE will follow a control diet consistent of milk exclusion for 6 weeks, after which they will follow a gluten exclusion diet for 6 weeks, or the other way around.
Intervention: empiric exclusion diet (Other)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Difference in response
Time Frame: 2 years
Difference in response (defined as normalization of peak eosinophil count in esophageal mucosal biopsies \<15 eosinophils/HPF) in patients undergoing duodenal CLE-targeted elimination diet compared to the sham diet
Secondary Outcomes
- Further histological outcomes(2 years)
- change in esophageal and duodenal permeability parameters 1(2 years)
- change in esophageal and duodenal permeability parameters 2(2 years)
- Differences in duodenal permeability measures in CLE positive, CLE negative EoE patients and healthy controls before and after nutrient application 2(2 years)
- endoscopic changes in patients undergoing duodenal CLE-targeted elimination diet compared to the sham diet(2 years)
- Differences in duodenal permeability measures in CLE positive, CLE negative EoE patients and healthy controls before and after nutrient application 1(2 years)
- Symptomatic changes in patients undergoing duodenal CLE-targeted elimination diet compared to the sham diet(2 years)
- Baseline and post-exposure duodenal mast cell and eosinophil counts on histology(2 years)