Normative Hand Grip Strength Values in Swedish Male and Female Ice Hockey Players Across Competitive Levels
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 800
研究概览
简要总结
This study measures hand grip strength in male and female ice hockey players across different Swedish leagues to create reference (normative) values for adult players.
Hand grip strength is a simple test of how strongly a person can squeeze with their hand. Although it seems basic, it reflects overall upper-body strength and is widely used in both sports science and healthcare.
In this project, players from different levels of ice hockey (including professional men's and women's leagues, junior players, and recreational players if available) will have their grip strength measured using a standardized hand dynamometer. Measurements will be taken in a consistent way across all participating clubs.
The main goal is to build a reference database showing what "normal" grip strength looks like in ice hockey players depending on sex, league level, and playing position. This can help coaches, medical staff, and researchers better understand strength profiles in hockey athletes, support training and rehabilitation decisions, and provide benchmarks for future studies.
No treatment or intervention is given as part of the study.
详细描述
This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, multi-league study designed to establish normative values for maximal isometric hand grip strength in adult Swedish ice hockey players.
Hand grip strength will be used as a standardized, low-cost proxy measure of upper-body muscular strength and general functional capacity. Although grip strength is widely used in clinical and sports science settings and has demonstrated good reliability when measured using standardized protocols, there is currently a lack of comprehensive normative data for adult ice hockey players. Existing literature is largely limited to youth cohorts or general athletic "combine"-type populations, with insufficient stratification for adult competitive ice hockey across sexes, league levels, and playing positions.
This study will include male and female players from multiple competitive levels in Swedish ice hockey, including professional leagues (SHL and SDHL), second-tier leagues (HockeyAllsvenskan and Women's Allsvenskan where feasible), junior elite levels (U18/U20), and potentially recreational adult players. Participants will be recruited through participating clubs during the pre-season or early competitive season period.
Grip strength will be measured using a standardized hand dynamometer according to a unified protocol aligned with established clinical measurement guidelines (including standardized positioning, device calibration, and repeated trials per hand). Both dominant and non-dominant hand grip strength will be recorded, and mean values will be used for analysis. To reduce inter-tester variability, participating sites will be instructed to follow a harmonized measurement protocol.
In addition to grip strength, basic demographic and anthropometric data will be collected, including age, sex, playing position (forward/defense), playing experience, height, and body mass. Where available, supplementary body composition data from club testing routines may also be included to allow exploratory analyses of strength relative to body size.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Other
- 时间视角
- Cross Sectional
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 15 Years 至 —（Child, Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Adult male or female ice hockey players.
- •Registered and actively participating in a Swedish ice hockey club during the current season.
- •Participation in one of the included competitive levels: professional, semi-professional, junior elite, or recreational leagues in Sweden.
- •Able to perform maximal hand grip strength testing. Provides written informed consent.
排除标准
- •Current acute injury of the upper extremity (hand, wrist, forearm, or elbow) that prevents safe or valid grip strength testing.
- •Any medical condition that contraindicates maximal effort testing, as determined by team medical staff or study personnel.
- •Refusal or inability to provide informed consent.
研究组 & 干预措施
Ice Hockey Players
Adult male and female ice hockey players from multiple competitive levels in Sweden, including professional, semi-professional, junior elite, and recreational players. Participants undergo a single standardized measurement of hand grip strength.
研究者
Daniel Muder
Principal Investigator.
Dalarna County Council, Sweden