Whey Protein, Resistance Training, and Changes in Body Composition

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Obesity
• Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Whey Protein supplement; Dietary Supplement: Soy Protein Supplement; Dietary Supplement: Carbohydrate supplement

• Registration Number: NCT01186536
• Lead Sponsor: University of Kansas

Brief Summary

The objective of this project is to determine the effect of 9 months of progressive resistance training with daily whey protein supplements on the body composition (changes in muscle and fat) in young adults. The investigators hypothesize that those individuals who receive whey protein supplements will have larger gains in muscle and larger losses of fat tissue in response to resistance training compared to those who receive supplements of soy or carbohydrate.

Detailed Description

Healthy men and women will be recruited to participate in 9 months of supervised resistance training (3 days/wk) and will be randomized to one of three daily supplement groups: Whey protein, soy protein, or carbohydrate control. Body weight, muscular strength and endurance, and resting blood pressure will be assessed at baseline, 3, 6 and 9 months. Body composition will be assessed at baseline, 3, 5, 7, and 9 months. A sub-sample (N = 17 per group, assessed at baseline and 9 months) will be randomly selected for muscle samples of the upper leg to determine changes in the size of muscle fibers, and chemical factors associated with muscle growth. Blood samples will be obtained from sub-sample participants to assess changes in glucose and fat metabolism, as well as other chemicals likely to promote or inhibit muscle growth. We will also assess changes in daily energy expenditure and the use of fuel to produce energy (carbohydrate, fat, protein) that may result from the intervention. We hypothesize that those individuals who receive whey protein supplements will have larger gains in muscle and larger losses of fat tissue in response to resistance training compared to those who receive supplements of soy or carbohydrate.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2007-06
• Study First Submitted: 2010-03-26
• Study First Submitted QC: 2010-08-20
• Study First Posted: 2010-08-23
• Primary Completion: 2012-07
• Study Completion: 2012-07
• Status Verified: 2012-11
• Last Update Submitted: 2012-11-07
• Last Update Posted: 2012-11-09

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 85

Inclusion Criteria

• BMI 25-39.9
• must be 18- 30 years old
• sedentary
• no medications
• stable weight for at least 3 months

Exclusion Criteria

• Tobacco/Drug user
• metabolism altering medication
• gain/lost 10lbs in the last 3 months
• current exerciser

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Whey protein supplementation	Whey Protein supplement	Daily whey protein supplementation
Soy Protein supplementation	Soy Protein Supplement	Daily soy protein supplementation
Placebo	Carbohydrate supplement	Daily carbohydrate placebo supplementation

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Body Composition	9 months	Changes in body composition will be evaluated by measuring the change in percent body fat, total fat mass, and total lean mass by DEXA.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
24 hour energy expenditure and substrate oxidation	9 months	24hr energy expenditure and substrate oxidation will be measured by whole room indirect calorimetry
Muscular strength and endurance	9 months	One rep max strength will be measured on the chest and leg press.
Resting Metabolic Rate	9 months	Resting metabolic rate as measured by indirect calorimetry as kcal/day will be evaluated. Also, substrate oxidation (fat and carbohydrate oxidation) will be evaluated.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Energy Balance Lab, The University of Kansas; 🇺🇸 Lawrence, Kansas, United States