Effect of Passive Smoking on Orofacial Dysfunction Among a Group of Egyptian Children: A Cohort Study

Not yet recruiting

• Conditions: Smoking; Orofacial Dysfunction
• Interventions: Diagnostic Test: Nordic Orofacial Test-Screen (NOT-S)

• Registration Number: NCT05678153
• Lead Sponsor: Ahram Canadian University

Brief Summary

This study aims to investigate the orofacial dysfunction in children who are subjected to passive smoking and to correlate its results to their saliva cotinine levels

Detailed Description

The participants will be recruited from the pedodontics outpatient clinic in the, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Ahram Canadian University, Egypt. The aim and the steps of the study will be explained to the guardian.

After obtaining the informed consent, the investigator will fill an administrative questionnaire, which includes parents and child's personal data, medical and dental history, a question inquiring if one of the parents smokes in the house, the frequency of smoking, smoking type, and number of cigarettes (if present).

Then, the examination of orofacial dysfunction will be evaluated by the investigator, using Nordic Orofacial Test - screen (NOT-S)

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2022-12-23
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-12-23
• Study First Posted: 2023-01-10
• Status Verified: 2023-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-03-03
• Last Update Posted: 2023-03-06
• Study Start: 2023-05-01
• Primary Completion: 2023-06-01
• Study Completion: 2023-06-15

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 20

Inclusion Criteria

• Children who are free from any systematic disease, or genetic disorders that
• Children whose families accept to participate in this study.

Exclusion Criteria

• Children whose parents quit smoking after the child was born.

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
non-passive smokers children group (control group)	Nordic Orofacial Test-Screen (NOT-S)	children whose parents reported not to have one or more family members smokes indoors in the presence of the child
passive smokers children group (study group)	Nordic Orofacial Test-Screen (NOT-S)	children whose parents reported having one or more family members smokes indoors in the presence of the child

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Orofacial Dysfunction (measured using Nordic Orofacial Test-Screen)	baseline record	deviation from normal functions of facial and oral structures