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Hypoxia-altitude Testing to Predict Altitude Related Adverse Health Effects in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients

Completed
Conditions
High Altitude
Hypoxia Altitude Simulation Test
Registration Number
NCT04915378
Lead Sponsor
University of Zurich
Brief Summary

The predictive value of the hypoxia altitude simulation test (HAST) or other baseline values to predict altitude-related adverse health effects (ARAHE) is not established. To address this gap, the main goals of this investigation will be 1) to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the HAST in identifying individuals that will experience ARAHE during altitude travel and 2) to establish prediction models incorporating other commonly assessed clinical characteristics either alone or in combination with the HAST as predictors of ARAHE in altitude travelers.

Hypotheses: In lowlanders with COPD, a PaO2 \<6.6 kPa or another cutoff of PaO2 or SpO2 at the end of the HAST, at rest or during exertion and/or clinical variables including symptoms, pulmonary function indices, 6-min walk distance (6MWD), either alone or combined to a multivariable model, will predict ARAHE during a sojourn of 2 days at 3100m with accuracy greater than chance

Detailed Description

Altitude or air travel has become increasingly popular for recreational and professional reasons. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects up to 12% of adults worldwide and is associated with progressive hypoxemia, especially during exercise, due to respiratory mechanical constraints, airway obstruction and increasing pulmonary hypertension (PH). COPD patients are at increased risk of ARAHE including acute mountain sickness (AMS) and severe hypoxemia. Factors assessed at lowland that would predict ARAHE of COPD patients exposed to a hypobaric hypoxic environment at altitude or during air travel would be highly warranted. During the HAST COPD-patients are exposed to an inspiratory oxygen fraction (FiO2) of 15.1% corresponding to an altitude of ≈ 2500m and this test was designed to predict deoxygenation at altitude. The predictive value of the HAST or other baseline values to predict ARAHE is not established. To address this gap, the main goals of this investigation will be 1) to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the HAST in identifying individuals that will experience ARAHE during altitude travel and 2) to establish prediction models incorporating other commonly assessed clinical characteristics either alone or in combination with the HAST as predictors of ARAHE in altitude travelers.

For this diagnostic accuracy study, COPD-patients with an FEV1 40-80% predicted living \< 1000 m without severe hypoxemia (SpO2, \<92%), hypercapnia (PaCO2 \>6 kPa) or comorbidities will be recruited to traveling to and staying for two nights at 3100 m. At 760 m, the HAST will be performed, at 760 m and 3100 m symptoms, vital signs, SpO2, pulmonary function tests, 6MWD, sleep studies will be repetitively assessed. ARAHE will be defined if one of the following present: AMS with a Lake Louise questionnaire score \>4 including headache, or AMSc score ≥0.7, resting SpO2 \<80% \>30 min or \<75% for \>15 min; or exercise SpO2 \<75% for \>5 min accompanied by symptoms, any intercurrent illness including infections, hypertension, neurologic impairments, dyspnea or discomfort at rest requiring oxygen treatment, chest pain and/or ECG signs of cardiac ischemia.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
75
Inclusion Criteria
  • Men and women, age 35-75 y, living at low altitude (<800 m).
  • COPD diagnosed according to the Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines, FEV1 40-80% predicted, pulse oximetry ≥92%, PaCO2 <6 kPa, breathing ambient air at 760 m.
Exclusion Criteria
  • COPD exacerbation, very severe COPD with hypoxemia or hypercapnia at 760 m (see above).
  • Other lung disease, relevant comorbidities (such as uncontrolled cardiovascular disease, i.e., unstable arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease; previous stroke; obesity (body mass index >35 kg/m2); internal, neurologic, rheumatologic or psychiatric disease; current heavy smoking (>20 cigarettes per day).
  • Renal failure and/or allergy to sulfonamides.

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
PaO2 <6.6 kPa or SpO2 < 85% during a HAST in identifying participants with ARAHE3 days

Accuracy of a PaO2 \<6.6 kPa during a HAST in identifying participants with ARAHE during the ascent to and stay for 2 days at 3'100 m

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
pulse oximetry (SpO2)3 days

At 760 m and 3100m

Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire cerebral score3 days

Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire cerebral score (AMSc) comprising 11 questions on symptoms rated from 0 (not at all) to 5 (extreme). The weighted sum of responses ranges from 0 to 5. At 760 m and 3100m.

six minute walking distance3 days

At 760 m and 3100m

Nocturnal respiratory polygraphies2 nights

Real-time polygraphic data and videostreams will be transmitted to a control station to allow continuous observation by an investigator. This will allow detection of ARAHE at night (in particular severe hypoxemia)

Borg Dyspnea Scale3 days

Borg Scale for dyspnea from 0 to 10 (CR10) while 0 means "no dyspnea" and 10 means "highest dyspnea", to assess dyspnea at 760 m and 3100m

pulmonary function3 days

Spirometry and single breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity will be measured

Lake Louise score (2018 version)3 days

Which includes self-assessment of symptoms (headache, fatigue, gastrointestinal discomfort, dizziness), each rated from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe) at 760 m and 3100m.

Arterial blood gas analysis3 days

To assess arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) at 760 m and 3100m

Blood pressure3 days

At 760 m and 3100m.

The Karolinska sleepiness scale2 nights

Sleepiness will be assessed by the Karolinska sleepiness scale at 3200 m. This is a 9-point scale (1 = extremely alert, 3 = alert, 5 = neither alert nor sleepy, 7 = sleepy - but no difficulty remaining awake, and 9 = extremely sleepy - fighting sleep).

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine

🇰🇬

Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

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