Effects of Pilates-based Exercises on Functional Capacity and Mental Health in Patients With Schizophrenia
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 25
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Change from baseline "6 Minute Walk Test" at 6 week
研究概览
简要总结
Schizophrenia is one of the most frequent psychiatric disorders with a prevalence of 0.5-1.0 % all over the world. It remains one of the major reasons for disability although medical and psychosocial interventions.
People suffering from schizophrenia may also have many complex health troubles such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, diabetes mellitus, and pulmonary problems.
Researchers have been debating the utility of exercise over depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms last decades. Studies indicate that physical activity improves mood, self-esteem, energy, motivation, concentration, cognitive skills, quality of life, and social interactions. Particularly in the last decade studies have been carried out showing that various exercise approaches and physical activities contribute positively to the physical and mental health of schizophrenic patients. Clinic impacts of these interventions, dominantly including aerobic exercise, strengthening and fitness training, also varied according to the type, duration and intensity of the method used.
The knowledge obtained about schizophrenia patients point out that physically and mentally holistic approaches should be required to this complicated disease. Previous trials demonstrated that various physical activity or exercise methods have positive effects in patients with schizophrenia. However, to the best of the our knowledge, literature lacks investigation about benefits of Pilates on several domains, in particular about the potential changes on physical and mental health in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Pilates-based exercise training on the physical and mental health of schizophrenia patients.
详细描述
Pilates exercises developed by Joseph Pilates has an increasing popularity in last decades. Pilates supposed that the balance between body and mind is an important factor in achieving health and happiness. Pilates stimulates the mind and decreases mental strain. The basic principles of Pilates-based approach are concentration, control, centering, diaphragmatic breathing, lightness, precision, and relaxation. It also aims to enlighten the awareness of body by inducing mind control. The control of large group muscles with coordination and focusing on breathing may increase aerobic capacity, and further improves mental health. Heretofore, some researchers also reported that the holistic approach of Pilates-based training may provide physical and psychological improvements on human health, and various intensities benefit the quality of life, mental health, physical fitness levels, and body types. Pilates exercises are utilized with a wide range spectrum for many diseases' management and are particularly used also for mental health disease such as depression, anxiety, mood etc. The sample of the study consisted of patients who were diagnosed with schizophrenia according to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Current study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent amendments. All the subjects volunteered to participate in this research and signed the informed consent form approved by the Institutional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Protocol no: 2015-84-21/10). On receipt of a completed consent form, patients were assigned to Pilates exercise group (PEG) or control group (CG) based on their willingness.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Non Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Health Services Research
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
Both groups received the similar medication (atypical antipsychotic drugs) during the study. Patients in the control group participated in a non-specific activity programme including conventional exercise training, hobby and social interaction activities routinely twice a week, at the community mental health center during six weeks. The PEG participated in a supervised Pilates exercise program twice per week for six weeks (totally 12 sessions).
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 35 Years 至 40 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Inclusion criteria were having symptoms of schizophrenia for at least six months, not to change the type of antipsychotic medication prescribed for at least six weeks prior to study (although dosage might change).
排除标准
- •Patients with a severe physical disability or a physical condition that makes their participation impossible or potentially harmful (such as serious musculoskeletal or neurological disabilities) were excluded from the study. Additionally, patients who did not attend at least 10 of the 12 training sessions in the study group were excluded from the study.
研究组 & 干预措施
Pilates Exercise Group
Pilates exercise group participated in supervised Pilates-based group training twice per week for six weeks
干预措施: Pilates exercise group (Other)
Control Group
the control group participated in a routine non-specific activity program twice a week in Community Mental Health Center during study
干预措施: Control Group (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Change from baseline "6 Minute Walk Test" at 6 week
时间窗: at the baseline and after six weeks
The 6MWT is a practical simple test that requires a 100-ft hallway but no exercise equipment or advanced training for technicians. Walking is an activity performed daily by all but the most severely impaired patients. This test measures the distance that a patient can quickly walk on a flat, hard surface in a period of 6 minutes (the 6MWD). It evaluates the global and integrated responses of all the systems involved during exercise, including the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems, systemic circulation, peripheral circulation, blood, neuromuscular units, and muscle metabolism. The self-paced 6MWT assesses the submaximal level of functional capacity. Most patients do not achieve maximal exercise capacity during the 6MWT; instead, they choose their own intensity of exercise and are allowed to stop and rest during the test.
次要结局
- Change from baseline Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia at 6 week(at the baseline and after six weeks)
- Change from baseline The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms at 6 week(at the baseline and after six weeks)
- Change from baseline The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) at 6 week(at the baseline and after six weeks)
- Change from baseline The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale at 6 week(at the baseline and after six weeks)
研究者
Gizem Irem KINIKLI
Associate Professor, PhD., PT
Hacettepe University